biostudies-literatureCervera-Juanes RNIA NIH HHSFoundation for the National Institutes of HealthNIAAA NIH HHSNational Institute on AgingNIH HHS229-252https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8810962biostudies-literatureUnknown44(1)Obesity, the cessation of ovarian steroids with menopause, and age are risk factors for mood disorders, dementia, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, immediate hormone therapy (HT) after menopause may have beneficial effects in different brain regions involved in memory and cognition. To more closely replicate the age, endocrine, and metabolic environment of obese postmenopausal women, either on or off HT, middle-aged female rhesus macaques were ovariectomized/hysterectomized (OvH) and maintained on a high-fat, high-sugar, obesogenic Western-style diet (WSD) for 30 months; half of the animals received HT immediately after OvH and half served as placebo controls. RNAseq of the occipital (OC) and prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus (HIP), and amygdala (AMG) identified 293, 379, 505, and GeroScienceEffects of estradiol supplementation on the brain transcriptome of old rhesus macaques maintained on an obesogenic diet.PMC8810962RF1 AG062220R24 OD011895OD-011895AG-029612OD-011092R01 AG029612P51 OD011092AG-062220P60 AA010760Cervera-Juanes RBall MUrbanski HFKohama SGDarakjian PfalseEffects of estradiol supplementation on the brain transcriptome of old rhesus macaques maintained on an obesogenic diet.Obesity, the cessation of ovarian steroids with menopause, and age are risk factors for mood disorders, dementia, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, immediate hormone therapy (HT) after menopause may have beneficial effects in different brain regions involved in memory and cognition. To more closely replicate the age, endocrine, and metabolic environment of obese postmenopausal women, either on or off HT, middle-aged female rhesus macaques were ovariectomized/hysterectomized (OvH) and maintained on a high-fat, high-sugar, obesogenic Western-style diet (WSD) for 30 months; half of the animals received HT immediately after OvH and half served as placebo controls. RNAseq of the occipital (OC) and prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus (HIP), and amygdala (AMG) identified 293, 379, 505, and 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Feb2026-05-30T23:14:26.105Z2024-11-11T23:35:48.745ZS-EPMC88109623464285210.1007/s11357-021-00453-8