biostudies-literatureUnknown17(2)Suri GKAgriculture Victoria ResearchGrains Research and Development CorporationHeterosis is defined as increased performance of the F1 hybrid relative to its parents. In the current study, a cohort of populations and parents were created to evaluate and understand heterosis across generations (i.e., F1 to F3) in lentil, a self-pollinated annual diploid (2n = 2× = 14) crop species. Lentil plants were evaluated for heterotic traits in terms of plant height, biomass fresh weight, seed number, yield per plant and 100 grain weight. A total of 47 selected lentil genotypes were cross hybridized to generate 72 F1 hybrids. The F1 hybrids from the top five crosses exhibited between 31%-62% heterosis for seed number with reference to the better parent. The five best performing heterotic crosses were selected with a negative control for evaluation at the subsequent F2 generationPloS onee0262857https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8856536biostudies-literatureAdvances in lentil production through heterosis: Evaluating generations and breeding systems.PMC8856536Braich SCogan NOISuri GKNoy DMRosewarne GMKaur SfalseAdvances in lentil production through heterosis: Evaluating generations and breeding systems.Heterosis is defined as increased performance of the F1 hybrid relative to its parents. In the current study, a cohort of populations and parents were created to evaluate and understand heterosis across generations (i.e., F1 to F3) in lentil, a self-pollinated annual diploid (2n = 2× = 14) crop species. Lentil plants were evaluated for heterotic traits in terms of plant height, biomass fresh weight, seed number, yield per plant and 100 grain weight. A total of 47 selected lentil genotypes were cross hybridized to generate 72 F1 hybrids. The F1 hybrids from the top five crosses exhibited between 31%-62% heterosis for seed number with reference to the better parent. The five best performing heterotic crosses were selected with a negative control for evaluation at the subsequent F2 generation2022-01-01T00:00:00Z20222026-04-08T18:28:02.351Z2024-11-20T08:52:44.531ZS-EPMC88565363518022510.1371/journal.pone.0262857