biostudies-literatureNoe AMedical Research CouncilNational Institute for Health Research (NIHR)795463https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8859435biostudies-literatureUnknown13Protection from liver-stage malaria requires high numbers of CD8+ T cells to find and kill <i>Plasmodium</i>-infected cells. A new malaria vaccine strategy, prime-target vaccination, involves sequential viral-vectored vaccination by intramuscular and intravenous routes to target cellular immunity to the liver. Liver tissue-resident memory (TRM) CD8+ T cells have been shown to be necessary and sufficient for protection against rodent malaria by this vaccine regimen. Ultimately, to most faithfully assess immunotherapeutic responses by these local, specialised, hepatic T cells, periodic liver sampling is necessary, however this is not feasible at large scales in human trials. Here, as part of a phase I/II <i>P. falciparum</i> challenge study of prime-target vaccination, we performed deep immuFrontiers in immunologyDeep Immune Phenotyping and Single-Cell Transcriptomics Allow Identification of Circulating TRM-Like Cells Which Correlate With Liver-Stage Immunity and Vaccine-Induced Protection From Malaria.PMC8859435MR/R015236/1Sheridan JDatoo MSEwer KJSpencer AJPrasad NRamos Lopez FMorter RVoukantsis DHill AVSMakinson RAJenkin DNoe AFlaxman AHusainy MABellamy DfalseDeep Immune Phenotyping and Single-Cell Transcriptomics Allow Identification of Circulating TRM-Like Cells Which Correlate With Liver-Stage Immunity and Vaccine-Induced Protection From Malaria.Protection from liver-stage malaria requires high numbers of CD8+ T cells to find and kill <i>Plasmodium</i>-infected cells. A new malaria vaccine strategy, prime-target vaccination, involves sequential viral-vectored vaccination by intramuscular and intravenous routes to target cellular immunity to the liver. Liver tissue-resident memory (TRM) CD8+ T cells have been shown to be necessary and sufficient for protection against rodent malaria by this vaccine regimen. Ultimately, to most faithfully assess immunotherapeutic responses by these local, specialised, hepatic T cells, periodic liver sampling is necessary, however this is not feasible at large scales in human trials. Here, as part of a phase I/II <i>P. falciparum</i> challenge study of prime-target vaccination, we performed deep immu2022-01-01T00:00:00Z20222026-05-31T19:56:33.011Z2025-04-19T22:37:53.549ZS-EPMC88594353519797110.3389/fimmu.2022.795463