biostudies-literatureChen YScience and Technology Commission of Shanghai MunicipalityMajor Science and Technology Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education CommissionCommission of Health and Family Planning of Pudong DistrictShanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaYunnan Province Lu Yingli Expert Workstatione056909https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8860026biostudies-literatureUnknown12(2)<h4>Objective</h4>We aimed to evaluate the effects of different ethnicities and potential environmental exposure on the prevalence of thyroid autoimmune status and hypothyroid status.<h4>Design</h4>The data were obtained from two cross-sectional studies.<h4>Participants</h4>2105 participants in Shanghai (Han) and 772 participants in Yunnan Honghe Prefecture (Han, Yi, Miao and Hani), aged 18-75 were enrolled.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants underwent several checkups, including urinary iodine concentration, blood lead (BPb) and blood cadmium (BCd), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) as well as thyroid ultrasonography (US). Thyroid autoimmune status was defined as: antithyroid antibody positive (ATA+): TPOAb + or TgAb+; and ATA +BMJ openAre ethnic differences, urinary iodine status, lead and cadmium exposure associated with thyroid autoimmunity and hypothyroid status? A cross-sectional study.PMC8860026PWZxq2017-17none184107223002019-01-07-00-01-E000591914090240019XJ110079185711781800694Zhang WXiang QWang NZhang KLu YCai YChen YWan HWang YZhu CCheng JfalseAre ethnic differences, urinary iodine status, lead and cadmium exposure associated with thyroid autoimmunity and hypothyroid status? A cross-sectional study.<h4>Objective</h4>We aimed to evaluate the effects of different ethnicities and potential environmental exposure on the prevalence of thyroid autoimmune status and hypothyroid status.<h4>Design</h4>The data were obtained from two cross-sectional studies.<h4>Participants</h4>2105 participants in Shanghai (Han) and 772 participants in Yunnan Honghe Prefecture (Han, Yi, Miao and Hani), aged 18-75 were enrolled.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants underwent several checkups, including urinary iodine concentration, blood lead (BPb) and blood cadmium (BCd), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) as well as thyroid ultrasonography (US). Thyroid autoimmune status was defined as: antithyroid antibody positive (ATA+): TPOAb + or TgAb+; and ATA +2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Feb2025-04-26T03:49:44.955Z2025-04-06T10:58:13.471ZS-EPMC88600263517746210.1136/bmjopen-2021-056909