biostudies-literatureUnknown30(3)Huang SImmunosuppression in response to severe sepsis remains a serious human health concern. Evidence of sepsis-induced immunosuppression includes impaired T lymphocyte function, T lymphocyte depletion or exhaustion, increased susceptibility to opportunistic nosocomial infection, and imbalanced cytokine secretion. CD4 T cells play a critical role in cellular and humoral immune responses during sepsis. Here, using an RNA sequencing assay, we found that the expression of T cell-containing immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (Tim-3) on CD4 T cells in sepsis-induced immunosuppression patients was significantly elevated. Furthermore, the percentage of Tim-3⁺ CD4 T cells from sepsis patients was correlated with the mortality of sepsis-induced immunosuppression. Conditional deletion of Tim-3 iMolecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy1227-1238https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8899604biostudies-literatureTim-3 regulates sepsis-induced immunosuppression by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway in CD4 T cells.PMC8899604Qiu JJiang JHuang SWang QZhang JGan LZeng LZhang HDeng JLiu DQu GSun JfalseTim-3 regulates sepsis-induced immunosuppression by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway in CD4 T cells.Immunosuppression in response to severe sepsis remains a serious human health concern. Evidence of sepsis-induced immunosuppression includes impaired T lymphocyte function, T lymphocyte depletion or exhaustion, increased susceptibility to opportunistic nosocomial infection, and imbalanced cytokine secretion. CD4 T cells play a critical role in cellular and humoral immune responses during sepsis. Here, using an RNA sequencing assay, we found that the expression of T cell-containing immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (Tim-3) on CD4 T cells in sepsis-induced immunosuppression patients was significantly elevated. Furthermore, the percentage of Tim-3⁺ CD4 T cells from sepsis patients was correlated with the mortality of sepsis-induced immunosuppression. Conditional deletion of Tim-3 i2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Mar2026-05-28T08:07:38.819Z2025-04-25T17:05:38.374ZS-EPMC88996043493310110.1016/j.ymthe.2021.12.013