biostudies-literaturePeck FCPrinceton UniversitySimons FoundationNICHD NIH HHSNIDCD NIH HHSNIMH NIH HHSAutism SpeaksNational Institute on Deafness and Other Communication DisordersNational Institute of Mental Health57https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8903497biostudies-literatureUnknown13(1)<h4>Background</h4>Early identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) provides an opportunity for early intervention and improved developmental outcomes. The use of electroencephalography (EEG) in infancy has shown promise in predicting later ASD diagnoses and in identifying neural mechanisms underlying the disorder. Given the high co-morbidity with language impairment, we and others have speculated that infants who are later diagnosed with ASD have altered language learning, including phoneme discrimination. Phoneme learning occurs rapidly in infancy, so altered neural substrates during the first year of life may serve as early, accurate indicators of later autism diagnosis.<h4>Methods</h4>Using EEG data collected at two different ages during a passive phoneme task in infants with higJournal of neurodevelopmental disordersPrediction of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis using nonlinear measures of language-related EEG at 6 and 12 months.PMC8903497R01-DC0102901T32MH1125101323R21-DC08637R21 DC008637T32 MH1125101K23DC017983P50 HD105351K23 DC017983NoneR01 DC010290137186Peck FCGabard-Durnam LJWilkinson CLBosl WTager-Flusberg HNelson CAfalsePrediction of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis using nonlinear measures of language-related EEG at 6 and 12 months.<h4>Background</h4>Early identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) provides an opportunity for early intervention and improved developmental outcomes. The use of electroencephalography (EEG) in infancy has shown promise in predicting later ASD diagnoses and in identifying neural mechanisms underlying the disorder. Given the high co-morbidity with language impairment, we and others have speculated that infants who are later diagnosed with ASD have altered language learning, including phoneme discrimination. Phoneme learning occurs rapidly in infancy, so altered neural substrates during the first year of life may serve as early, accurate indicators of later autism diagnosis.<h4>Methods</h4>Using EEG data collected at two different ages during a passive phoneme task in infants with hig2021-01-01T00:00:00Z2021 Nov2025-04-06T00:32:23.491Z2025-02-19T03:58:21.34ZS-EPMC89034973484788710.1186/s11689-021-09405-x