biostudies-literatureUnknownQuinones-Camacho LENIMH NIH HHSWhile substantial research supports the role of parent-child interactions on the emergence of psychiatric symptoms, few studies have explored biological mechanisms for this association. The current study explored behavioral and neural parent-child synchronization during frustration and play as predictors of internalizing and externalizing behaviors across a span of 1.5 years. Parent-child dyads first came to the laboratory when the child was 4-5 years old and completed the Disruptive Behavior Diagnostic Observation Schedule: Biological Synchrony (DB-DOS: BioSync) task while functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) data were recorded. Parents reported on their child's internalizing and externalizing behaviors using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) four times over 1.5 years. Latent gDevelopment and psychopathology1-13https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8920952biostudies-literatureGetting in synch: Unpacking the role of parent-child synchrony in the development of internalizing and externalizing behaviors.PMC8920952K23 MH127305R01 MH107540T32 MH100019Hoyniak CPPerlman SBQuinones-Camacho LEWakschlag LSfalseGetting in synch: Unpacking the role of parent-child synchrony in the development of internalizing and externalizing behaviors.While substantial research supports the role of parent-child interactions on the emergence of psychiatric symptoms, few studies have explored biological mechanisms for this association. The current study explored behavioral and neural parent-child synchronization during frustration and play as predictors of internalizing and externalizing behaviors across a span of 1.5 years. Parent-child dyads first came to the laboratory when the child was 4-5 years old and completed the Disruptive Behavior Diagnostic Observation Schedule: Biological Synchrony (DB-DOS: BioSync) task while functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) data were recorded. Parents reported on their child's internalizing and externalizing behaviors using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) four times over 1.5 years. Latent g2021-01-01T00:00:00Z2021 Sep2025-04-26T21:24:48.937Z2025-04-06T16:47:59.083ZS-EPMC89209523452149210.1017/S095457942100046810.1017/s0954579421000468