biostudies-literatureUnknown13Wang TYChang Gung Memorial Hospital, LinkouNational Center for Preparedness, Detection, and Control of Infectious Diseases<h4>Background</h4>A regimen of once-weekly rifapentine plus isoniazid for 3 months (3HP) is an effective treatment for subjects with latent tuberculosis infection; however, no reliable biomarker exists for predicting systemic adverse reactions (SARs) to 3HP treatment.<h4>Methods</h4>This prospective, multi-center study evaluated the plasma concentrations of soluble triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells (sTREM)-1 and sTREM-2 in subjects undergoing 3HP treatment and examined the associations between these biomarkers and SARs.<h4>Results</h4>This study enrolled 80 consecutive subjects receiving 3HP treatment, 25 of whom had SARs and 55 of whom did not. Subjects with SARs presented higher concentrations of sTREM-1 at baseline than those without SARs (240.1 ± 19.1 vs. 176.7 ± 9.4 pg/mL, <i>P</i> = 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves revealed that day 1 plasma levels of sTREM-1 (0.708, 95% CI, 0.584-0.833, <i>P</i> = 0.003) and sTREM-2 (0.343, 95% CI, 0.227-0.459, <i>P</i> = 0.025) as well as the sTREM-1/sTREM-2 ratio (0.748, 95% CI, 0.638-0.858, <i>P</i> = 0.001) had modest discriminative power pertaining to the development of SARs. An sTREM-1 level exceeding the cut-off value (>187.4 pg/mL) (hazard ratio [HR], 6.15; 95% CI 1.67-22.70, <i>P</i> = 0.006) and a sTREM-2 below the cut-off value (<237.2 pg/mL) (HR, 4.46; 95% CI 1.41-14.1, <i>P</i> = 0.011) were independent predictors of SARs after controlling for other variables.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Plasma sTREM-1 and sTREM-2 levels are useful biomarkers for predicting SARs during 3HP treatment.<h4>Clinical trial government</h4>NCT04655794.Frontiers in microbiology821066https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8927064biostudies-literaturePlasma Concentrations of sTREM-1 as Markers for Systemic Adverse Reactions in Subjects Treated With Weekly Rifapentine and Isoniazid for Latent Tuberculosis Infection.PMC8927064Shu CCWang TYChen CYLin SMLin CBSu WJWei YFLee SSFeng JYHuang WCfalsePlasma Concentrations of sTREM-1 as Markers for Systemic Adverse Reactions in Subjects Treated With Weekly Rifapentine and Isoniazid for Latent Tuberculosis Infection.<h4>Background</h4>A regimen of once-weekly rifapentine plus isoniazid for 3 months (3HP) is an effective treatment for subjects with latent tuberculosis infection; however, no reliable biomarker exists for predicting systemic adverse reactions (SARs) to 3HP treatment.<h4>Methods</h4>This prospective, multi-center study evaluated the plasma concentrations of soluble triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells (sTREM)-1 and sTREM-2 in subjects undergoing 3HP treatment and examined the associations between these biomarkers and SARs.<h4>Results</h4>This study enrolled 80 consecutive subjects receiving 3HP treatment, 25 of whom had SARs and 55 of whom did not. Subjects with SARs presented higher concentrations of sTREM-1 at baseline than those without SARs (240.1 ± 19.1 vs. 176.7 ± 9.4 pg/mL, <i>P</i> = 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves revealed that day 1 plasma levels of sTREM-1 (0.708, 95% CI, 0.584-0.833, <i>P</i> = 0.003) and sTREM-2 (0.343, 95% CI, 0.227-0.459, <i>P</i> = 0.025) as well as the sTREM-1/sTREM-2 ratio (0.748, 95% CI, 0.638-0.858, <i>P</i> = 0.001) had modest discriminative power pertaining to the development of SARs. An sTREM-1 level exceeding the cut-off value (>187.4 pg/mL) (hazard ratio [HR], 6.15; 95% CI 1.67-22.70, <i>P</i> = 0.006) and a sTREM-2 below the cut-off value (<237.2 pg/mL) (HR, 4.46; 95% CI 1.41-14.1, <i>P</i> = 0.011) were independent predictors of SARs after controlling for other variables.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Plasma sTREM-1 and sTREM-2 levels are useful biomarkers for predicting SARs during 3HP treatment.<h4>Clinical trial government</h4>NCT04655794.2022-01-01T00:00:00Z20222026-06-18T06:01:13.596Z2025-04-04T08:53:30.431ZS-EPMC89270643530837610.3389/fmicb.2022.821066