biostudies-literatureMorrison SLNEI NIH HHS401-409https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8931675biostudies-literatureUnknown140(4)<h4>Importance</h4>Artificial intelligence (AI)-based retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening may improve ROP care, but its cost-effectiveness is unknown.<h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate the relative cost-effectiveness of autonomous and assistive AI-based ROP screening compared with telemedicine and ophthalmoscopic screening over a range of estimated probabilities, costs, and outcomes.<h4>Design, setting, and participants</h4>A cost-effectiveness analysis of AI ROP screening compared with ophthalmoscopy and telemedicine via economic modeling was conducted. Decision trees created and analyzed modeled outcomes and costs of 4 possible ROP screening strategies: ophthalmoscopy, telemedicine, assistive AI with telemedicine review, and autonomous AI with only positive screen results reviewed. A tJAMA ophthalmologyCost-effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence-Based Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening.PMC8931675R01 EY031331R01 EY019474Chan RVPMorrison SLChiang MFCampbell JPDukhovny DfalseCost-effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence-Based Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening.<h4>Importance</h4>Artificial intelligence (AI)-based retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening may improve ROP care, but its cost-effectiveness is unknown.<h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate the relative cost-effectiveness of autonomous and assistive AI-based ROP screening compared with telemedicine and ophthalmoscopic screening over a range of estimated probabilities, costs, and outcomes.<h4>Design, setting, and participants</h4>A cost-effectiveness analysis of AI ROP screening compared with ophthalmoscopy and telemedicine via economic modeling was conducted. Decision trees created and analyzed modeled outcomes and costs of 4 possible ROP screening strategies: ophthalmoscopy, telemedicine, assistive AI with telemedicine review, and autonomous AI with only positive screen results reviewed. A t2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Apr2025-04-04T12:28:57.092Z2025-04-04T12:28:57.092ZS-EPMC89316753529794510.1001/jamaophthalmol.2022.0223