biostudies-literaturePark MEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human DevelopmentNICHD NIH HHSNIMH NIH HHSNational Institute of Mental Health2284-2298https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8932491biostudies-literatureUnknown92(6)This study investigates trajectories of racial discrimination, racial and ethnic socialization (RES), and their interaction effects with social positions (nativity and gender) on mental health. A longitudinal study of 786 Filipino American (FA) and Korean American (KA) youth from the Midwestern United States (M_age.Wave1  = 15) confirmed that discrimination increased and significantly contributed to the upward trend of mental health distress, whereas the impact of RES differed by its type and by ethnicity. For example, promotion of mistrust and ethnic-heritage socialization were protective among U.S.-born FA youth, but for KA youth, preparation for bias was protective regardless of nativity and gender. This study highlights the importance of considering social positions to better understand the role of RES in youth psychological adjustment.Child developmentRacial discrimination and the moderating effects of racial and ethnic socialization on the mental health of Asian American youth.PMC8932491T32MH019960T32 MH019960R01 HD073200Specificity, Commonality, and Generalizability in Social-Emotional Development Special Section EditorsPark MYasui MChoi YHedeker DfalseRacial discrimination and the moderating effects of racial and ethnic socialization on the mental health of Asian American youth.This study investigates trajectories of racial discrimination, racial and ethnic socialization (RES), and their interaction effects with social positions (nativity and gender) on mental health. A longitudinal study of 786 Filipino American (FA) and Korean American (KA) youth from the Midwestern United States (M_age.Wave1  = 15) confirmed that discrimination increased and significantly contributed to the upward trend of mental health distress, whereas the impact of RES differed by its type and by ethnicity. For example, promotion of mistrust and ethnic-heritage socialization were protective among U.S.-born FA youth, but for KA youth, preparation for bias was protective regardless of nativity and gender. This study highlights the importance of considering social positions to better understand the role of RES in youth psychological adjustment.2021-01-01T00:00:00Z2021 Nov2025-04-18T12:28:13.602Z2025-02-19T01:30:52.018ZS-EPMC89324913437443210.1111/cdev.13638