biostudies-literatureYan YNational Key R&D Program of China547https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8950262biostudies-literatureUnknown13(3)Rose (<i>Rosa chinensis</i>) is one of the most famous ornamental plants worldwide, with a variety of colors and fragrances. Terpene synthases (TPSs) play critical roles in the biosynthesis of terpenes. In this work, we report a comprehensive study on the genome-wide identification and characterization of the TPS family in <i>R. chinensis</i>. We identified 49 <i>TPS</i> genes in the <i>R. chinensis</i> genome, and they were grouped into five subfamilies (TPS-a, TPS-b, TPS-c, TPS-g and TPS-e/f). Phylogenetics, gene structure and conserved motif analyses indicated that the <i>RcTPS</i> genes possessed relatively conserved gene structures and the RcTPS proteins contained relatively conserved motifs. Multiple putative <i>cis</i>-acting elements involved in the stress response were identified in the promoter region of <i>RcTPS</i> genes, suggesting that some could be regulated by stress. The expression profile of <i>RcTPS</i> genes showed that they were predominantly expressed in the petals of open flowers, pistils, leaves and roots. Under osmotic and heat stresses, the expression of most <i>RcTPS</i> genes was upregulated. These data provide a useful foundation for deciphering the functional roles of <i>RcTPS</i> genes during plant growth as well as addressing the link between terpene biosynthesis and abiotic stress responses in roses.GenesTissue-Specific Expression of the Terpene Synthase Family Genes in <i>Rosa chinensis</i> and Effect of Abiotic Stress Conditions.PMC89502622019YFD1000400Bao MFu XZhang XYan YBendahmane MLi MKong WfalseTissue-Specific Expression of the Terpene Synthase Family Genes in <i>Rosa chinensis</i> and Effect of Abiotic Stress Conditions.Rose (<i>Rosa chinensis</i>) is one of the most famous ornamental plants worldwide, with a variety of colors and fragrances. Terpene synthases (TPSs) play critical roles in the biosynthesis of terpenes. In this work, we report a comprehensive study on the genome-wide identification and characterization of the TPS family in <i>R. chinensis</i>. We identified 49 <i>TPS</i> genes in the <i>R. chinensis</i> genome, and they were grouped into five subfamilies (TPS-a, TPS-b, TPS-c, TPS-g and TPS-e/f). Phylogenetics, gene structure and conserved motif analyses indicated that the <i>RcTPS</i> genes possessed relatively conserved gene structures and the RcTPS proteins contained relatively conserved motifs. Multiple putative <i>cis</i>-acting elements involved in the stress response were identified in the promoter region of <i>RcTPS</i> genes, suggesting that some could be regulated by stress. The expression profile of <i>RcTPS</i> genes showed that they were predominantly expressed in the petals of open flowers, pistils, leaves and roots. Under osmotic and heat stresses, the expression of most <i>RcTPS</i> genes was upregulated. These data provide a useful foundation for deciphering the functional roles of <i>RcTPS</i> genes during plant growth as well as addressing the link between terpene biosynthesis and abiotic stress responses in roses.2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Mar2026-04-08T17:18:14.57Z2025-04-19T22:35:37.32ZS-EPMC89502623532810010.3390/genes13030547