biostudies-literatureUnknown19(6)Mazumder SWe characterize nicotine exposure in the U.S. population by measuring urinary nicotine and its major (cotinine, trans-3'-hydroxycotinine) and minor (nicotine 1'-oxide, cotinine N-oxide, and 1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol-4-carboxylic acid, nornicotine) metabolites in participants from the 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. This is one of the first U.S. population-based urinary nicotine biomarker reports using the derived total nicotine equivalents (i.e., TNEs) to characterize exposure. Serum cotinine data is used to stratify tobacco non-users with no detectable serum cotinine (-sCOT), non-users with detectable serum cotinine (+sCOT), and individuals who use tobacco (users). The molar concentration sum of cotinine and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine was calculated to derive the TInternational journal of environmental research and public health3660https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8955498biostudies-literatureNicotine Exposure in the U.S. Population: Total Urinary Nicotine Biomarkers in NHANES 2015-2016.PMC8955498Bendik PBFeng JLuo ZPine BNMazumder SShia WAlexander JRBlount BCZhu WAchilihu HSosnoff CSWang LfalseNicotine Exposure in the U.S. Population: Total Urinary Nicotine Biomarkers in NHANES 2015-2016.We characterize nicotine exposure in the U.S. population by measuring urinary nicotine and its major (cotinine, trans-3'-hydroxycotinine) and minor (nicotine 1'-oxide, cotinine N-oxide, and 1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol-4-carboxylic acid, nornicotine) metabolites in participants from the 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. This is one of the first U.S. population-based urinary nicotine biomarker reports using the derived total nicotine equivalents (i.e., TNEs) to characterize exposure. Serum cotinine data is used to stratify tobacco non-users with no detectable serum cotinine (-sCOT), non-users with detectable serum cotinine (+sCOT), and individuals who use tobacco (users). The molar concentration sum of cotinine and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine was calculated to derive the T2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Mar2025-04-04T23:33:01.108Z2025-02-19T03:58:49.206ZS-EPMC89554983532934710.3390/ijerph19063660