biostudies-literatureLi XChina Scholarship CouncilNational Institute for Health Research (NIHR)819737https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8960718biostudies-literatureUnknown13<h4>Background and purpose</h4>Recent epidemiological data indicate that the absolute number of hemorrhagic stroke cases increased by 47% between 1990 and 2010 and continued to cause high rates of death and disability. The last systematic review and meta-analysis of incidence and long-term survival of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) were published 11 and 7 years ago, respectively, and lacked comparison between different income groups, therefore, a more up to date analysis is needed. We aim to investigate the ICH incidence and long-term survival data in countries of different income groups.<h4>Materials methods</h4>We systematically searched Ovid Medline for population-based longitudinal studies of first-ever spontaneous ICH published from January 2000 to December 2020. We performed meta-anaFrontiers in neurologyIncidence and Long-Term Survival of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage Over Time: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.PMC8960718CSC 201808320212NIHR202339Li XWolfe CDAZhang LWang YfalseIncidence and Long-Term Survival of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage Over Time: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.<h4>Background and purpose</h4>Recent epidemiological data indicate that the absolute number of hemorrhagic stroke cases increased by 47% between 1990 and 2010 and continued to cause high rates of death and disability. The last systematic review and meta-analysis of incidence and long-term survival of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) were published 11 and 7 years ago, respectively, and lacked comparison between different income groups, therefore, a more up to date analysis is needed. We aim to investigate the ICH incidence and long-term survival data in countries of different income groups.<h4>Materials methods</h4>We systematically searched Ovid Medline for population-based longitudinal studies of first-ever spontaneous ICH published from January 2000 to December 2020. We performed meta-ana2022-01-01T00:00:00Z20222025-04-19T12:54:19.851Z2025-04-19T12:54:19.851ZS-EPMC89607183535965410.3389/fneur.2022.819737