biostudies-literatureZhao QNIDDK NIH HHSNHLBI NIH HHS878-884https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8967724biostudies-literatureUnknown603(7903)Interoception, the ability to timely and precisely sense changes inside the body, is critical for survival^1-4. Vagal sensory neurons (VSNs) form an important body-to-brain connection, navigating visceral organs along the rostral-caudal axis of the body and crossing the surface-lumen axis of organs into appropriate tissue layers^5,6. The brain can discriminate numerous body signals through VSNs, but the underlying coding strategy remains poorly understood. Here we show that VSNs code visceral organ, tissue layer and stimulus modality-three key features of an interoceptive signal-in different dimensions. Large-scale single-cell profiling of VSNs from seven major organs in mice using multiplexed projection barcodes reveals a 'visceral organ' dimension composed of differenNatureA multidimensional coding architecture of the vagal interoceptive system.PMC8967724DP2 HL151354R01 HL150449K01 DK113047Xu QJChang RBWang RZhao QDai Pra RZhang LYu CDfalseA multidimensional coding architecture of the vagal interoceptive system.Interoception, the ability to timely and precisely sense changes inside the body, is critical for survival^1-4. Vagal sensory neurons (VSNs) form an important body-to-brain connection, navigating visceral organs along the rostral-caudal axis of the body and crossing the surface-lumen axis of organs into appropriate tissue layers^5,6. The brain can discriminate numerous body signals through VSNs, but the underlying coding strategy remains poorly understood. Here we show that VSNs code visceral organ, tissue layer and stimulus modality-three key features of an interoceptive signal-in different dimensions. Large-scale single-cell profiling of VSNs from seven major organs in mice using multiplexed projection barcodes reveals a 'visceral organ' dimension composed of differen2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Mar2025-04-04T14:57:04.031Z2024-11-20T05:54:06.548ZS-EPMC89677243529685910.1038/s41586-022-04515-5