biostudies-literatureGao YWenzhou Municipal Science and Technology BureauChinese National Natural Science FundingZhejiang Provincial Natural Science Funding17448069221082880https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8972932biostudies-literatureUnknown18GABAergic system disinhibition played an important role in the pathogenesis of remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia (RIH). K⁺-Cl^--cotransporter-2 (KCC2) has the potential to enhance the strength of GABAergic signaling function. However, few reports have focused on the additive analgesic effect of KCC2 enhancer and GABAA receptor agonist on the spinal dorsal horn. Therefore, we evaluated the role of GABA type A receptor (GABAAR) agonist (muscimol), KCC2 enhancer (CLP257) in remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia, as well as GABA and KCC2 receptors responses in the dorsal spinal horn. Remifentanil started to reduce paw withdrawal mechanical thresholds at postoperative 4 h and lasted to 72 h. The RIH associated decreases in spinal GABA release was transient. The amount of spinalMolecular painKCC2 receptor upregulation potentiates antinociceptive effect of GABAAR agonist on remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia.PMC897293281701094LY20H0900082020Y0639Zhao QHuang XGao YCai JZhan WWang WChen XJin YZhou XSun JfalseKCC2 receptor upregulation potentiates antinociceptive effect of GABAAR agonist on remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia.GABAergic system disinhibition played an important role in the pathogenesis of remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia (RIH). K⁺-Cl^--cotransporter-2 (KCC2) has the potential to enhance the strength of GABAergic signaling function. However, few reports have focused on the additive analgesic effect of KCC2 enhancer and GABAA receptor agonist on the spinal dorsal horn. Therefore, we evaluated the role of GABA type A receptor (GABAAR) agonist (muscimol), KCC2 enhancer (CLP257) in remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia, as well as GABA and KCC2 receptors responses in the dorsal spinal horn. Remifentanil started to reduce paw withdrawal mechanical thresholds at postoperative 4 h and lasted to 72 h. The RIH associated decreases in spinal GABA release was transient. The amount of spinal2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Jan-Dec2025-05-18T12:06:33.876Z2025-05-18T12:06:33.876ZS-EPMC89729323535258210.1177/17448069221082880