biostudies-literatureWang MNational Natural Science Foundation of China5892-5902https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8973980biostudies-literatureUnknown13(3)Poly(ε-L-lysine) and poly(L-diaminopropionic acid) are valuable homopoly (amino acids) with antimicrobial properties and mainly produced in submerged fermentation. In this study, we investigated their co-production using waste biomass and spent mushroom substrate in solid-state fermentation. Simultaneous production of poly(L-diaminopropionic acid) and poly(ε-L-lysine) was achieved in a single fermentation process using pearl oyster mushroom residues as substrate, with the supplement of glycerol and corn steep liquor. After optimization of the fermentation parameters, the maximum yield of poly(ε-L-lysine) and poly(L-diaminopropionic acid) reached 51.4 mg/g substrate and 25.4 mg/g substrate, respectively. The optimal fermentation conditions were 70% initial moisture content, pH of 6.5, 30°C BioengineeredPoly(ε-L-lysine) and poly(L-diaminopropionic acid) co-produced from spent mushroom substrate fermentation: potential use as food preservatives.PMC897398031900030Wang MRong CfalsePoly(ε-L-lysine) and poly(L-diaminopropionic acid) co-produced from spent mushroom substrate fermentation: potential use as food preservatives.Poly(ε-L-lysine) and poly(L-diaminopropionic acid) are valuable homopoly (amino acids) with antimicrobial properties and mainly produced in submerged fermentation. In this study, we investigated their co-production using waste biomass and spent mushroom substrate in solid-state fermentation. Simultaneous production of poly(L-diaminopropionic acid) and poly(ε-L-lysine) was achieved in a single fermentation process using pearl oyster mushroom residues as substrate, with the supplement of glycerol and corn steep liquor. After optimization of the fermentation parameters, the maximum yield of poly(ε-L-lysine) and poly(L-diaminopropionic acid) reached 51.4 mg/g substrate and 25.4 mg/g substrate, respectively. The optimal fermentation conditions were 70% initial moisture content, pH of 6.5, 30°C 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Mar2026-06-18T03:12:01.453Z2025-04-05T15:59:17.475ZS-EPMC89739803518886410.1080/21655979.2022.2040876