biostudies-literatureNguyen VPNational Eye InstituteNEI NIH HHSResearch to Prevent BlindnessInternational Retinal Research FoundationDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan13289-13306https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC8984873biostudies-literatureUnknown15(8)Stem cell regenerative medicine therapies have emerged as promising treatments for currently incurable diseases. A remaining challenge for cell therapies is the ability to track the migration and distribution of the transplanted cells in a long-term, noninvasive manner <i>in vivo</i> to assess their efficacy. This study develops a noninvasive, and high spatial resolution photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging system for <i>in vivo</i> tracking of subretinally injected progenitor human retinal pigment epithelium cells (ARPE-19) labeled with chainlike gold nanoparticle (CGNP) clusters in RPE damage. CGNP provided significant PAM, OCT, and fluorescence signals to selectively track the migration of ARPE-19 cells in living rabbit eyes for 3 months. PAM andACS nanoLong-Term, Noninvasive <i>In Vivo</i> Tracking of Progenitor Cells Using Multimodality Photoacoustic, Optical Coherence Tomography, and Fluorescence Imaging.PMC89848731K08EY027458K08 EY027458P30 EY007003FFSGIA16002Zhang WPaulus YMQian WYuan SFan WLi YLiu BWang XNguyen VPZhu THenry JfalseLong-Term, Noninvasive <i>In Vivo</i> Tracking of Progenitor Cells Using Multimodality Photoacoustic, Optical Coherence Tomography, and Fluorescence Imaging.Stem cell regenerative medicine therapies have emerged as promising treatments for currently incurable diseases. A remaining challenge for cell therapies is the ability to track the migration and distribution of the transplanted cells in a long-term, noninvasive manner <i>in vivo</i> to assess their efficacy. This study develops a noninvasive, and high spatial resolution photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging system for <i>in vivo</i> tracking of subretinally injected progenitor human retinal pigment epithelium cells (ARPE-19) labeled with chainlike gold nanoparticle (CGNP) clusters in RPE damage. CGNP provided significant PAM, OCT, and fluorescence signals to selectively track the migration of ARPE-19 cells in living rabbit eyes for 3 months. PAM and2021-01-01T00:00:00Z2021 Aug2025-04-04T09:02:37.85Z2025-04-04T09:02:37.85ZS-EPMC89848733437837410.1021/acsnano.1c03035