{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"submitter":["Harrison EH"],"funding":["National Institutes of Health","NIH HHS"],"pagination":["1411"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9003029"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["14(7)"],"pubmed_abstract":["Naturally occurring retinoids (retinol, retinal, retinoic acid, retinyl esters) are a subclass of β-apocarotenoids, defined by the length of the polyene side chain. Provitamin A carotenoids are metabolically converted to retinal (β-apo-15-carotenal) by the enzyme β-carotene-15,15'-dioxygenase (BCO1) that catalyzes the oxidative cleavage of the central C=C double bond. A second enzyme β-carotene-9'-10'-dioxygenase cleaves the 9',10' bond to yield β-apo-10'-carotenal and β-ionone. Chemical oxidation of the other double bonds leads to the generation of other β-apocarotenals. Like retinal, some of these β-apocarotenals are metabolically oxidized to the corresponding β-apocarotenoic acids or reduced to the β-apocarotenols, which in turn are esterified to β-apocarotenyl esters. Other metabolic f"],"journal":["Nutrients"],"pubmed_title":["Carotenoids, β-Apocarotenoids, and Retinoids: The Long and the Short of It."],"pmcid":["PMC9003029"],"funding_grant_id":["R01-DK055598, R01-DK10151, R01-HL04987"],"pubmed_authors":["Harrison EH"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Carotenoids, β-Apocarotenoids, and Retinoids: The Long and the Short of It.","description":"Naturally occurring retinoids (retinol, retinal, retinoic acid, retinyl esters) are a subclass of β-apocarotenoids, defined by the length of the polyene side chain. Provitamin A carotenoids are metabolically converted to retinal (β-apo-15-carotenal) by the enzyme β-carotene-15,15'-dioxygenase (BCO1) that catalyzes the oxidative cleavage of the central C=C double bond. A second enzyme β-carotene-9'-10'-dioxygenase cleaves the 9',10' bond to yield β-apo-10'-carotenal and β-ionone. Chemical oxidation of the other double bonds leads to the generation of other β-apocarotenals. Like retinal, some of these β-apocarotenals are metabolically oxidized to the corresponding β-apocarotenoic acids or reduced to the β-apocarotenols, which in turn are esterified to β-apocarotenyl esters. Other metabolic f","dates":{"release":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2022 Mar","modification":"2025-04-19T12:12:06.507Z","creation":"2024-10-19T06:51:33.354Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC9003029","cross_references":{"pubmed":["35406024"],"doi":["10.3390/nu14071411"]}}