biostudies-literatureRosas-Salazar CNICHD NIH HHSNCATS NIH HHSNEI NIH HHSNHLBINCRR NIH HHSNIAID NIH HHSNHLBI NIH HHSNCI NIH HHSNIAIDNIGMS NIH HHSNIH HHSNIGMS966-976https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9036861biostudies-literatureUnknown149(3)<h4>Background</h4>The risk factors determining short- and long-term morbidity following acute respiratory infection (ARI) due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in infancy remain poorly understood.<h4>Objectives</h4>Our aim was to examine the associations of the upper respiratory tract (URT) microbiome during RSV ARI in infancy with the acute local immune response and short- and long-term clinical outcomes.<h4>Methods</h4>We characterized the URT microbiome by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing and assessed the acute local immune response by measuring 53 immune mediators with high-throughput immunoassays in 357 RSV-infected infants. Our short- and long-term clinical outcomes included several markers of disease severity and the number of wheezing episodes in the fourth year of life, respectiveThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunologyUpper respiratory tract bacterial-immune interactions during respiratory syncytial virus infection in infancy.PMC9036861KL2 TR000446R21 AI142321UL1 TR000445P30 EY008126K24 AI077930K01 HL149989R01 GM140464UG3 OD023282U19 AI095227P30 CA068485R01 HL146401UL1 RR024975K23 HL148638G20 RR030956K12 HD087023R21 AI149262HHSN272200900007CR21 AI154016U19 AI110819Turi KNPeebles RSChappell JDWiggins DATang ZZGebretsadik TAnderson LJHartert TVRosas-Salazar CDas SRHong QShilts MHLynch CEfalseUpper respiratory tract bacterial-immune interactions during respiratory syncytial virus infection in infancy.<h4>Background</h4>The risk factors determining short- and long-term morbidity following acute respiratory infection (ARI) due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in infancy remain poorly understood.<h4>Objectives</h4>Our aim was to examine the associations of the upper respiratory tract (URT) microbiome during RSV ARI in infancy with the acute local immune response and short- and long-term clinical outcomes.<h4>Methods</h4>We characterized the URT microbiome by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing and assessed the acute local immune response by measuring 53 immune mediators with high-throughput immunoassays in 357 RSV-infected infants. Our short- and long-term clinical outcomes included several markers of disease severity and the number of wheezing episodes in the fourth year of life, respective2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Mar2025-04-04T08:53:10.102Z2025-04-04T08:53:10.102ZS-EPMC90368613453456610.1016/j.jaci.2021.08.022