biostudies-literatureHung RKYMedical Research CouncilWellcome Trust786-796https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9039486biostudies-literatureUnknown7(4)<h4>Introduction</h4>Variants of the <i>APOL1</i> gene are associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in people of African ancestry, although evidence for their impact in people with HIV are sparse.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a cross-sectional study investigating the association between <i>APOL1</i> renal risk alleles and kidney disease in people of African ancestry with HIV in the UK. The primary outcome was end-stage kidney disease (ESKD; estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] of <15 ml/min per 1.73 m², chronic dialysis, or having received a kidney transplant). The secondary outcomes included renal impairment (eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m²), albuminuria (albumin-to-creatinine ratio [ACR] >30 mg/mmol), and biopsy-proven HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN). MultiKidney international reportsGenetic Variants of &lt;i&gt;APOL1&lt;/i&gt; Are Major Determinants of Kidney Failure in People of African Ancestry With HIV.PMC9039486211153/Z/18/ZMC_PC_17164MR/T001127/1Ohene-Adomako SPett SBarbour LFlanagan KWaters AAhmed SMahiouz KWilliams KPatel BO'Brien CManning ABoateng VWilliams CDeng HHunter EParr SAgbasi ESantana-Suarez BFox JDuncan SNgwu NTaylor CFernandez THolland SFox CBevan MAMoussaoui TDixon JMatthews RAinsworth JTaha YBarbini BCosgrove CMcVittie IPhyu KEdwards JLara SOGEN-AFRICA Study GroupRussell JLevy JCrowe APost FLindergard GMoyo TKegg SHung RKYFiorino MRussell VBranch MRyan FMabonga ERosenvinge MLwanga JSkinner SRamkhelawn RBhagwandin PThomas CDriver LMencias MShaw AVenkateshwaran SCross RRichardson CSamarawickrama ACraggs ABooth JRabuya MShaw JGeorge VKennard VBerlanga AMurira JWindow NGantert KIsitt CEWebb HBurns JEPrice DADuncan CMitchell SQuinn KFerreira JVincent RHamzah LShwab UWinkler CLiskova MCheetham TSabin CABuckingham CTrotman DSamuel IClarke CClarke AAdams TSabin CSally DCleig RBarber JLamont GStocker RJHill TDoctor JWinston ALambert PMutagwanya VSchoolmeester ABarber SChadwick DHarber MSolano TCanoso ANori ARing KKnott AKlein MPFrancoise JHand JSoviarova HUzu HBinns-Roemer EHilton RMcDonald CEvans AAppleby TNorcross CWinkler CAKennedy CNogueira PMcQueen LMiddleditch HPoulton MNightingale ABramham KPool EIbe TNunez MMOakes-Monger TOdong FRibeiro PJones RMinton JWard DUstianowski AWandolo EOliveira APopoola JWeir GHamlyn EBooth JWJordan DOttaway ZFlaherty JDuro SStothard TSchmid MPetersen CSaad CMurphy MLukha HHemat NDavid VTrevitt VMurphy SSullivan VFerro FAshworth RMatila DVora NOnyango DReid-Amoruso LEKorley KSaiyad GCampbell MCampbell LAzzoug HLarbi WAstill NPayne BSajijad SBurns FGamlen HPost FAfalseGenetic Variants of &lt;i&gt;APOL1&lt;/i&gt; Are Major Determinants of Kidney Failure in People of African Ancestry With HIV.<h4>Introduction</h4>Variants of the <i>APOL1</i> gene are associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in people of African ancestry, although evidence for their impact in people with HIV are sparse.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a cross-sectional study investigating the association between <i>APOL1</i> renal risk alleles and kidney disease in people of African ancestry with HIV in the UK. The primary outcome was end-stage kidney disease (ESKD; estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] of <15 ml/min per 1.73 m², chronic dialysis, or having received a kidney transplant). The secondary outcomes included renal impairment (eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m²), albuminuria (albumin-to-creatinine ratio [ACR] >30 mg/mmol), and biopsy-proven HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN). Multi2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Apr2026-05-30T15:48:19.904Z2025-04-04T10:02:28.195ZS-EPMC90394863549779710.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.1054