biostudies-literatureGuo LNational Eye Institute of the National Institutes of HealthChina Postdoctoral Foundation grantNEI NIH HHSLotta M. Crabtree FellowshipBurroughs Wellcome FundNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaMassachusetts Green High Performance Computing CenterUSDA National Institute of Food and AgricultureNatural Science Foundation1071-1083https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9048145biostudies-literatureUnknown34(9)Plants are continuously exposed to beneficial and pathogenic microbes, but how plants recognize and respond to friends versus foes remains poorly understood. Here, we compared the molecular response of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> independently challenged with a <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> endophyte Fo47 versus a pathogen Fo5176. These two <i>F. oxysporum</i> strains share a core genome of about 46 Mb, in addition to 1,229 and 5,415 unique accessory genes. Metatranscriptomic data reveal a shared pattern of expression for most plant genes (about 80%) in responding to both fungal inoculums at all timepoints from 12 to 96 h postinoculation (HPI). However, the distinct responding genes depict transcriptional plasticity, as the pathogenic interaction activates plant stress responses and suppressesMolecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMIMetatranscriptomic Comparison of Endophytic and Pathogenic <i>Fusarium</i>-Arabidopsis Interactions Reveals Plant Transcriptional Plasticity.PMC9048145317017392017 M623188MASR-2009-04374IOS-165241MAS00532MAS00496R01 EY030150R01EY030150BWF-1014893Yang HSteinberg CGuo LDeIulio GAMa LJWang BZhang LVescio KBerg AYu HEdel-Hermann VKistler HCfalseMetatranscriptomic Comparison of Endophytic and Pathogenic <i>Fusarium</i>-Arabidopsis Interactions Reveals Plant Transcriptional Plasticity.Plants are continuously exposed to beneficial and pathogenic microbes, but how plants recognize and respond to friends versus foes remains poorly understood. Here, we compared the molecular response of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> independently challenged with a <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> endophyte Fo47 versus a pathogen Fo5176. These two <i>F. oxysporum</i> strains share a core genome of about 46 Mb, in addition to 1,229 and 5,415 unique accessory genes. Metatranscriptomic data reveal a shared pattern of expression for most plant genes (about 80%) in responding to both fungal inoculums at all timepoints from 12 to 96 h postinoculation (HPI). However, the distinct responding genes depict transcriptional plasticity, as the pathogenic interaction activates plant stress responses and suppresses2021-01-01T00:00:00Z2021 Sep2026-05-31T14:00:20.392Z2024-11-19T21:17:57.545ZS-EPMC90481453385623010.1094/MPMI-03-21-0063-R