biostudies-literatureCao QNatural Science Foundation of Zhejiang ProvinceChina Postdoctoral Science FoundationNational Natural Science Foundation of China5674-5681https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9060762biostudies-literatureUnknown9(10)Wearable electrochemical sensors have attracted tremendous attention in recent years. Here, a three-dimensional paper-based microfluidic electrochemical integrated device (3D-PMED) was demonstrated for real-time monitoring of sweat metabolites. The 3D-PMED was fabricated by wax screen-printing patterns on cellulose paper and then folding the pre-patterned paper four times to form five stacked layers: the sweat collector, vertical channel, transverse channel, electrode layer and sweat evaporator. A sweat monitoring device was realized by integrating a screen-printed glucose sensor on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate with the fabricated 3D-PMED. The sweat flow process in 3D-PMED was modelled with red ink to demonstrate the capability of collecting, analyzing and evaporating sweat, RSC advancesThree-dimensional paper-based microfluidic electrochemical integrated devices (3D-PMED) for wearable electrochemical glucose detection.PMC90607622015M571879LY18H18000661501400815015552016T90541Tu TWei JFang LYe XCao QLiang BfalseThree-dimensional paper-based microfluidic electrochemical integrated devices (3D-PMED) for wearable electrochemical glucose detection.Wearable electrochemical sensors have attracted tremendous attention in recent years. Here, a three-dimensional paper-based microfluidic electrochemical integrated device (3D-PMED) was demonstrated for real-time monitoring of sweat metabolites. The 3D-PMED was fabricated by wax screen-printing patterns on cellulose paper and then folding the pre-patterned paper four times to form five stacked layers: the sweat collector, vertical channel, transverse channel, electrode layer and sweat evaporator. A sweat monitoring device was realized by integrating a screen-printed glucose sensor on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate with the fabricated 3D-PMED. The sweat flow process in 3D-PMED was modelled with red ink to demonstrate the capability of collecting, analyzing and evaporating sweat, 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z2019 Feb2025-04-22T13:14:03.309Z2025-02-19T01:23:30.316ZS-EPMC90607623551590710.1039/c8ra09157a