biostudies-literatureRomano AA.I.L. Sezione di CataniaUniversità di CataniaFon.Ca.Ne.Sa7237https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9065667biostudies-literatureUnknown12(1)Since neutrophil extracellular traps formation (NET-osis) can be assessed indirectly by treating healthy neutrophils with blood-derived fluids from patients and then measuring the NETs response, we designed a pilot study to convey high-dimensional cytometry of peripheral blood immune cells and cytokines, combined with clinical features, to understand if NET-osis assessment could be included in the immune risk profiling to early prediction of clinical patterns, disease severity, and viral clearance at 28 days in COVID-19 patients. Immune cells composition of peripheral blood, cytokines concentration and in-vitro NETosis were detected in peripheral blood of 41 consecutive COVID-19 inpatients, including 21 mild breakthrough infections compared to 20 healthy donors, matched for sex and age. MaScientific reportsIn-vitro NET-osis induced by COVID-19 sera is associated to severe clinical course in not vaccinated patients and immune-dysregulation in breakthrough infection.PMC9065667Piano per la Ricerca 2018-2020 PIACERIDi Raimondo FManuele RBotta CMontineri AGiallongo CVolti GLBarbato APalumbo GAAgodi ARomano APuglisi FLa Ferla LIacobello CTriolo AMTibullo DParrinello NLBarchitta MSiragusa SMaugeri AfalseIn-vitro NET-osis induced by COVID-19 sera is associated to severe clinical course in not vaccinated patients and immune-dysregulation in breakthrough infection.Since neutrophil extracellular traps formation (NET-osis) can be assessed indirectly by treating healthy neutrophils with blood-derived fluids from patients and then measuring the NETs response, we designed a pilot study to convey high-dimensional cytometry of peripheral blood immune cells and cytokines, combined with clinical features, to understand if NET-osis assessment could be included in the immune risk profiling to early prediction of clinical patterns, disease severity, and viral clearance at 28 days in COVID-19 patients. Immune cells composition of peripheral blood, cytokines concentration and in-vitro NETosis were detected in peripheral blood of 41 consecutive COVID-19 inpatients, including 21 mild breakthrough infections compared to 20 healthy donors, matched for sex and age. Ma2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 May2025-06-01T02:57:21.778Z2024-11-15T17:02:30.314ZS-EPMC90656673550857510.1038/s41598-022-11157-0