biostudies-literatureUnknown13Ismaiel N<b>Background and Objective:</b> Lung-protective mechanical ventilation is known to attenuate ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI), but often at the expense of hypoventilation and hypercapnia. It remains unclear whether the main mechanism by which VALI is attenuated is a product of limiting mechanical forces to the lung during ventilation, or a direct biological effect of hypercapnia. <b>Methods:</b> Acute lung injury (ALI) was induced in 60 anesthetized rats by the instillation of 1.25 M HCl into the lungs via tracheostomy. Ten rats each were randomly assigned to one of six experimental groups and ventilated for 4 h with: 1) <b>Conventional HighV</b> _<b>E</b> <b>Normocapnia</b> (high V_T, high minute ventilation, normocapnia), 2) <b>Conventional Normocapnia</b> (hFrontiers in physiology814968https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9068936biostudies-literatureLung-Protective Ventilation Attenuates Mechanical Injury While Hypercapnia Attenuates Biological Injury in a Rat Model of Ventilator-Associated Lung Injury.PMC9068936Henzler DWhynot SChappe VSlutsky ASGeldenhuys LXu ZIsmaiel NfalseLung-Protective Ventilation Attenuates Mechanical Injury While Hypercapnia Attenuates Biological Injury in a Rat Model of Ventilator-Associated Lung Injury.<b>Background and Objective:</b> Lung-protective mechanical ventilation is known to attenuate ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI), but often at the expense of hypoventilation and hypercapnia. It remains unclear whether the main mechanism by which VALI is attenuated is a product of limiting mechanical forces to the lung during ventilation, or a direct biological effect of hypercapnia. <b>Methods:</b> Acute lung injury (ALI) was induced in 60 anesthetized rats by the instillation of 1.25 M HCl into the lungs via tracheostomy. Ten rats each were randomly assigned to one of six experimental groups and ventilated for 4 h with: 1) <b>Conventional HighV</b> _<b>E</b> <b>Normocapnia</b> (high V_T, high minute ventilation, normocapnia), 2) <b>Conventional Normocapnia</b> (h2022-01-01T00:00:00Z20222025-04-04T09:10:22.602Z2025-04-04T09:10:22.602ZS-EPMC90689363553050510.3389/fphys.2022.814968