biostudies-literatureGrolimund CMSchistosomiasis Consortium for Operational Research and EvaluationEuropean Research Councile0010332https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9071146biostudies-literatureUnknown16(4)<h4>Background</h4>Reagent strip to detect microhematuria as a proxy for Schistosoma haematobium infections has been considered an alternative to urine filtration for individual diagnosis and community-based estimates of treatment needs for preventive chemotherapy. However, the diagnostic accuracy of reagent strip needs further investigation, particularly at low infection intensity levels.<h4>Methods</h4>We used existing data from a study conducted in Tanzania that employed urine filtration and reagent strip testing for S. haematobium in two villages, including a baseline and six follow-up surveys after praziquantel treatment representing a wide range of infection prevalence. We developed a Bayesian model linking individual S. haematobium egg count data based on urine filtration to reagentPLoS neglected tropical diseasesInfection intensity-dependent accuracy of reagent strip for the diagnosis of Schistosoma haematobium and estimation of treatment prevalence thresholds.PMC9071146ERC-2012-AdG-323180323180Barenbold OVennervald BJGrolimund CMMshinda HHatz CFUtzinger JMayombana CVounatsou PfalseInfection intensity-dependent accuracy of reagent strip for the diagnosis of Schistosoma haematobium and estimation of treatment prevalence thresholds.<h4>Background</h4>Reagent strip to detect microhematuria as a proxy for Schistosoma haematobium infections has been considered an alternative to urine filtration for individual diagnosis and community-based estimates of treatment needs for preventive chemotherapy. However, the diagnostic accuracy of reagent strip needs further investigation, particularly at low infection intensity levels.<h4>Methods</h4>We used existing data from a study conducted in Tanzania that employed urine filtration and reagent strip testing for S. haematobium in two villages, including a baseline and six follow-up surveys after praziquantel treatment representing a wide range of infection prevalence. We developed a Bayesian model linking individual S. haematobium egg count data based on urine filtration to reagent2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Apr2025-04-18T15:43:49.755Z2025-02-19T04:21:28.671ZS-EPMC90711463546812910.1371/journal.pntd.0010332