biostudies-literatureYi RZhejiang A and F UniversityNational Natural Science Foundation of China40397-40403https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9076233biostudies-literatureUnknown9(69)Cross-linking with large flexible molecules is a common method to improve the stability and control the interlayer spacing of graphene oxide (GO) membranes, but it still suffers from the limitation of low water flux. Herein, a novel high flux GO membrane was fabricated using a pressure-assisted filtration method, which involved a synergistic chemical cross-linking of divalent magnesium ions and 1,6-hexanediamine (HDA) on a polyethersulfone (PES) support. The membrane cross-linked with magnesium ions and HDA (GO_HDA-Mg²⁺ ) exhibited a high water flux up to 144 L m^-2 h^-1 bar^-1, about 7 times more than that of cross-linked GO membranes without adding magnesium ions (GO_HDA), while keeping excellent rejection performance. The GO_HDA-Mg²⁺ membrane also showed an outstanding stability in water for a long time. The effects of magnesium ions on the GO_HDA-Mg²⁺ membrane were analyzed using several characterization methods, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results indicated that magnesium ions not only promoted reasonable cross-linking, but also improved the stacking of GO sheets to give lower mass transfer resistance channels for water transport in the membranes, resulting in the ultrahigh permeance of the GO membranes.RSC advancesUltrahigh permeance of a chemical cross-linked graphene oxide nanofiltration membrane enhanced by cation-π interaction.PMC907623311875236U18321502017FR032Wu MYu RChen JChen LYi RYang RWang ZLan JfalseUltrahigh permeance of a chemical cross-linked graphene oxide nanofiltration membrane enhanced by cation-π interaction.Cross-linking with large flexible molecules is a common method to improve the stability and control the interlayer spacing of graphene oxide (GO) membranes, but it still suffers from the limitation of low water flux. Herein, a novel high flux GO membrane was fabricated using a pressure-assisted filtration method, which involved a synergistic chemical cross-linking of divalent magnesium ions and 1,6-hexanediamine (HDA) on a polyethersulfone (PES) support. The membrane cross-linked with magnesium ions and HDA (GO_HDA-Mg²⁺ ) exhibited a high water flux up to 144 L m^-2 h^-1 bar^-1, about 7 times more than that of cross-linked GO membranes without adding magnesium ions (GO_HDA), while keeping excellent rejection performance. The GO_HDA-Mg²⁺ membrane also showed an outstanding stability in water for a long time. The effects of magnesium ions on the GO_HDA-Mg²⁺ membrane were analyzed using several characterization methods, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results indicated that magnesium ions not only promoted reasonable cross-linking, but also improved the stacking of GO sheets to give lower mass transfer resistance channels for water transport in the membranes, resulting in the ultrahigh permeance of the GO membranes.2019-01-01T00:00:00Z2019 Dec2024-11-14T19:56:29.94Z2024-11-14T19:56:29.94ZS-EPMC90762333554266610.1039/c9ra07109a