biostudies-literatureGomez-Alonso ISInstituto Politécnico Nacional4992https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9102557biostudies-literatureUnknown23(9)Neutrophils play a crucial role in eliminating bacteria that invade the human body; however, cathepsin G can induce biofilm formation in a non-biofilm-forming Staphylococcus epidermidis 1457 strain, suggesting that neutrophil proteases may be involved in biofilm formation. Cathepsin G, cathepsin B, proteinase-3, and metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) from neutrophils were tested on the biofilm induction in commensal (skin isolated) and clinical non-biofilm-forming S. epidermidis isolates. From 81 isolates, 53 (74%) were aap+, icaA−, icaD− genotype, and without the capacity of biofilm formation under conditions of 1% glucose, 4% ethanol or 4% NaCl, but these 53 non-biofilm-forming isolates induced biofilm by the use of different neutrophil proteases. Of these, 62.3% induced biofilm with proteinaseInternational journal of molecular sciencesLow Concentration of the Neutrophil Proteases Cathepsin G, Cathepsin B, Proteinase-3 and Metalloproteinase-9 Induce Biofilm Formation in Non-Biofilm-Forming <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> Isolates.PMC910255720221193SIP20221352SIPHerrera MTSanchez-Torres LMartinez-Garcia SBetanzos-Cabrera GCancino-Diaz MECancino JCancino-Diaz JCRodriguez-Martinez SJuarez EGomez-Alonso ISSarabia-Leon MCGomez-Chavez FfalseLow Concentration of the Neutrophil Proteases Cathepsin G, Cathepsin B, Proteinase-3 and Metalloproteinase-9 Induce Biofilm Formation in Non-Biofilm-Forming <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> Isolates.Neutrophils play a crucial role in eliminating bacteria that invade the human body; however, cathepsin G can induce biofilm formation in a non-biofilm-forming Staphylococcus epidermidis 1457 strain, suggesting that neutrophil proteases may be involved in biofilm formation. Cathepsin G, cathepsin B, proteinase-3, and metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) from neutrophils were tested on the biofilm induction in commensal (skin isolated) and clinical non-biofilm-forming S. epidermidis isolates. From 81 isolates, 53 (74%) were aap+, icaA−, icaD− genotype, and without the capacity of biofilm formation under conditions of 1% glucose, 4% ethanol or 4% NaCl, but these 53 non-biofilm-forming isolates induced biofilm by the use of different neutrophil proteases. Of these, 62.3% induced biofilm with proteinase2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Apr2025-08-17T03:06:08.487Z2025-04-04T19:40:52.958ZS-EPMC91025573556338410.3390/ijms23094992