biostudies-literatureWhite JEconomic and Social Research CouncilCentre for the Development and Evaluation of Complex Interventions for Public Health ImprovementBritish Heart FoundationCancer Research UKNIA NIH HHSUS National Institute on AgingEconomic and Social Research Council, Medical Research CouncilMedical Research CouncilUK Clinical Research CollaborationAcademy of Medical Sciences/the Wellcome Trust ‘Springboard Health of the Public in 2040’ AwardWellcome TrustWelsh Government and the Wellcome Trust839-846https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9189982biostudies-literatureUnknown51(3)<h4>Background</h4>Homelessness encompasses a wide spectrum of experience. Rough sleepers and people attending homeless shelters have been found to be at an increased risk of mortality. It is unclear whether risks are also elevated in those squatting, living temporarily in low-cost hotels or 'sofa-surfing' with friends or family members. This study examines mortality in a representative nationwide sample of people who have slept rough, squatted, lived in shelters or low-cost hotels and sofa-surfed.<h4>Methods</h4>Using unpublished data from two national birth cohorts, namely the National Child Development Study and the 1970 British Birth Cohort study, Cox proportional-hazards models and random-effects meta-analyses were used to analyse associations between homelessness and different types International journal of epidemiologyMortality among rough sleepers, squatters, residents of homeless shelters or hotels and sofa-surfers: a pooled analysis of UK birth cohorts.PMC9189982MR/P023444/1HOP001\1025ES/K000357/11R01AG052519-01A1RG/4/32218MR/K023233/1R01 AG052519R56 AG052519Fluharty Mde Groot RBatty GDWhite JBell SfalseMortality among rough sleepers, squatters, residents of homeless shelters or hotels and sofa-surfers: a pooled analysis of UK birth cohorts.<h4>Background</h4>Homelessness encompasses a wide spectrum of experience. Rough sleepers and people attending homeless shelters have been found to be at an increased risk of mortality. It is unclear whether risks are also elevated in those squatting, living temporarily in low-cost hotels or 'sofa-surfing' with friends or family members. This study examines mortality in a representative nationwide sample of people who have slept rough, squatted, lived in shelters or low-cost hotels and sofa-surfed.<h4>Methods</h4>Using unpublished data from two national birth cohorts, namely the National Child Development Study and the 1970 British Birth Cohort study, Cox proportional-hazards models and random-effects meta-analyses were used to analyse associations between homelessness and different types 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Jun2025-04-04T19:06:42Z2025-04-04T19:06:42ZS-EPMC91899823487141710.1093/ije/dyab253