biostudies-literatureWalker-Sperling VEKNIAID NIH HHSU.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesRagon Institute of MGH, MIT and HarvardU.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | NIH Office of the DirectorJanssen Research and DevelopmentNIGMS NIH HHSGilead Sciences3463https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9203527biostudies-literatureUnknown13(1)The latent viral reservoir is the critical barrier for developing an HIV-1 cure. Previous studies have shown that therapeutic vaccination or broadly neutralizing antibody (bNAb) administration, together with a Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist, enhanced virologic control or delayed viral rebound, respectively, following discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in SIV- or SHIV-infected rhesus macaques. Here we show that the combination of active and passive immunization with vesatolimod may lead to higher rates of post-ART virologic control compared to either approach alone. Therapeutic Ad26/MVA vaccination and PGT121 administration together with TLR7 stimulation with vesatolimod resulted in 70% post-ART virologic control in SHIV-SF162P3-infected rhesus macaques. These data suggest the potential of combining active and passive immunization targeting different immunologic mechanisms as an HIV-1 cure strategy.Nature communicationsTherapeutic efficacy of combined active and passive immunization in ART-suppressed, SHIV-infected rhesus macaques.PMC9203527UM1 AI164556AI124377, AI126603, AI128751, AI129797, AI164556OD024917R01 AI084794T32 GM007445T32 AI007387Liu JBorducchi ENLewis MPau MGBarouch DHFray EJKumar MRSiliciano JDMercado NBMurry JPWalker-Sperling VEKSchuitemaker HYang YWegmann FSiliciano RFGeleziunas RRobb MLNkolola JPMichael NLChandrashekar AfalseTherapeutic efficacy of combined active and passive immunization in ART-suppressed, SHIV-infected rhesus macaques.The latent viral reservoir is the critical barrier for developing an HIV-1 cure. Previous studies have shown that therapeutic vaccination or broadly neutralizing antibody (bNAb) administration, together with a Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist, enhanced virologic control or delayed viral rebound, respectively, following discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in SIV- or SHIV-infected rhesus macaques. Here we show that the combination of active and passive immunization with vesatolimod may lead to higher rates of post-ART virologic control compared to either approach alone. Therapeutic Ad26/MVA vaccination and PGT121 administration together with TLR7 stimulation with vesatolimod resulted in 70% post-ART virologic control in SHIV-SF162P3-infected rhesus macaques. These data suggest the potential of combining active and passive immunization targeting different immunologic mechanisms as an HIV-1 cure strategy.2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Jun2024-11-07T13:40:37.114Z2024-11-07T13:40:37.114ZS-EPMC92035273571081910.1038/s41467-022-31196-5