biostudies-literatureMashau RCMedical Research CouncilSanofi PasteurNational Institutes of HealthBill and Melinda Gates Foundatione1170-e1178https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9296659biostudies-literatureUnknown10(8)<h4>Background</h4>Few population-level estimates of invasive neonatal infections have been reported from sub-Saharan Africa. We estimated the national incidence risk, aetiology, and pathogen antimicrobial susceptibility for culture-confirmed neonatal bloodstream infections and meningitis in South Africa.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a cross-sectional study of neonates (<28 days of life) admitted to neonatal or paediatric wards of 256 public sector health facilities in South Africa during 2014-19. Diagnostic pathology records from Jan 1, 2014, to Dec 31, 2019, were extracted from a national pathology data warehouse. A case was defined as a neonate with at least one positive blood or cerebrospinal fluid culture during a 14-day period. Incidence risk was calculated using annual numbers of regThe Lancet. Global healthCulture-confirmed neonatal bloodstream infections and meningitis in South Africa, 2014-19: a cross-sectional study.PMC9296659MR/V033417/1INV008112K43 TW0106821R01AI118511-01A1Magobo REBaby GERMS-SAMeiring STPerovic OQuan VCGovender NPVelaphi Svon Gottberg AMashau RCCohen CDramowski Avan Schalkwyk EfalseCulture-confirmed neonatal bloodstream infections and meningitis in South Africa, 2014-19: a cross-sectional study.<h4>Background</h4>Few population-level estimates of invasive neonatal infections have been reported from sub-Saharan Africa. We estimated the national incidence risk, aetiology, and pathogen antimicrobial susceptibility for culture-confirmed neonatal bloodstream infections and meningitis in South Africa.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a cross-sectional study of neonates (<28 days of life) admitted to neonatal or paediatric wards of 256 public sector health facilities in South Africa during 2014-19. Diagnostic pathology records from Jan 1, 2014, to Dec 31, 2019, were extracted from a national pathology data warehouse. A case was defined as a neonate with at least one positive blood or cerebrospinal fluid culture during a 14-day period. Incidence risk was calculated using annual numbers of reg2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Aug2026-06-04T03:26:24.055Z2022-08-08T22:17:54.279ZS-EPMC92966593583981510.1016/S2214-109X(22)00246-7