biostudies-literatureUnknown13Chan KWTo address inborn errors of immunity (IEI) which were underdiagnosed in resource-limited regions, our centre developed and offered free genetic testing for the most common IEI by Sanger sequencing (SS) since 2001. With the establishment of The Asian Primary Immunodeficiency (APID) Network in 2009, the awareness and definitive diagnosis of IEI were further improved with collaboration among centres caring for IEI patients from East and Southeast Asia. We also started to use whole exome sequencing (WES) for undiagnosed cases and further extended our collaboration with centres from South Asia and Africa. With the increased use of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), we have shifted our diagnostic practice from SS to WES. However, SS was still one of the key diagnostic tools for IEI for the past tFrontiers in immunology883446https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9304939biostudies-literatureTargeted Gene Sanger Sequencing Should Remain the First-Tier Genetic Test for Children Suspected to Have the Five Common X-Linked Inborn Errors of Immunity.PMC9304939Liang WVignesh PJouhadi ZMuktiarti DLatiff ZAHe JXSuratannon NDjidjik RIsa MSBelaid BJin RCasis-Hao RJVaughan JForonda RShek LPJindal AKCamonayan KABAl-Saad KLee TLJiratchaya CFong SMWong WHKechout NMak PHSChong PCYZhao XUrban MBarbouche MRSuri DYang XQYeoh AEJLe MHTLobo RCMJirapongsananuruk ORawat ALee BWVera MPhan Nguyen Lien AWongwaree SCheong KNYu HHDuque JRChien YHBinas VWEKamchaisatian WChen TXLau YLGupta ANguyen VATLao-Araya MChan SYChan KWVillanueva JCMMWang XSingh STrakultivakorn MHo MHKWong CYYao LCapulong RDYang JKoh MTChan LLIsmail IHYang XYang WFok SFSLee ACTu WLiu JMao HLiew WKAu EYChua GTWong KJLeung DMa WKwok JSPhongsamart GLee PPHui WYRaj RJiang LPSantos-Ocampo FJAbdul Latiff AHChantveerawong Tde Silva RBoushaki SRaj DQuynh Le NNAng EYvan den Berg SThong MKMallillin JMEley BLee WSNoh LMfalseTargeted Gene Sanger Sequencing Should Remain the First-Tier Genetic Test for Children Suspected to Have the Five Common X-Linked Inborn Errors of Immunity.To address inborn errors of immunity (IEI) which were underdiagnosed in resource-limited regions, our centre developed and offered free genetic testing for the most common IEI by Sanger sequencing (SS) since 2001. With the establishment of The Asian Primary Immunodeficiency (APID) Network in 2009, the awareness and definitive diagnosis of IEI were further improved with collaboration among centres caring for IEI patients from East and Southeast Asia. We also started to use whole exome sequencing (WES) for undiagnosed cases and further extended our collaboration with centres from South Asia and Africa. With the increased use of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), we have shifted our diagnostic practice from SS to WES. However, SS was still one of the key diagnostic tools for IEI for the past t2022-01-01T00:00:00Z20222025-04-25T18:09:51.76Z2025-04-06T07:30:58.666ZS-EPMC93049393587469910.3389/fimmu.2022.883446