biostudies-literatureUnknown13Trung NBMinistry of Science and Technology, TaiwanNile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) is one of the most important food fish in the world. However, the farming industry has encountered significant challenges, such as pathogen infections. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an essential role in the initiation of the innate immune system against pathogens. Sterile alpha and TIR motif-containing protein 1 (SARM1) is one of the most evolutionarily conserved TLR adaptors, and its orthologs are present in various species from worms to humans. SARM1 plays an important role in negatively regulating TIR domain-containing adaptor proteins inducing IFNβ (TRIF)-dependent TLR signaling in mammals, but its immune function remains poorly understood in fish. In this study, <i>O. niloticus</i> SARM1 (<i>OnSARM1</i>) was cloned and its evolutionary staFrontiers in immunology940877https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9344004biostudies-literatureSterile alpha and TIR motif-containing protein 1 is a negative regulator in the anti-bacterial immune responses in nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>).PMC9344004Hsueh HYWangkahart ELoh JYLee PTTrung NBNguyen TPWong ASFfalseSterile alpha and TIR motif-containing protein 1 is a negative regulator in the anti-bacterial immune responses in nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>).Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) is one of the most important food fish in the world. However, the farming industry has encountered significant challenges, such as pathogen infections. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an essential role in the initiation of the innate immune system against pathogens. Sterile alpha and TIR motif-containing protein 1 (SARM1) is one of the most evolutionarily conserved TLR adaptors, and its orthologs are present in various species from worms to humans. SARM1 plays an important role in negatively regulating TIR domain-containing adaptor proteins inducing IFNβ (TRIF)-dependent TLR signaling in mammals, but its immune function remains poorly understood in fish. In this study, <i>O. niloticus</i> SARM1 (<i>OnSARM1</i>) was cloned and its evolutionary sta2022-01-01T00:00:00Z20222026-07-14T15:52:10.703Z2024-11-15T22:37:07.623ZS-EPMC93440043592881010.3389/fimmu.2022.940877