biostudies-literatureUnknown13Yap JMGFibroblasts of different origins are known to possess stromal memory after inflammatory episodes. However, there are no studies exploring human lung fibroblast memory which may predict a subsequent inflammatory response in chronic respiratory diseases and COVID-19. MRC-5 and HF19 human lung fibroblast cell lines were treated using different primary and secondary stimulus combinations: TNFα-WD-TNFα, Poly (I:C)-WD-TNFα, TNFα-WD-Poly (I:C), or LPS-WD-TNFα with a 24-h rest period (withdrawal period; WD) between the two 24-h stimulations. TLR3 and NF-κB inhibitors were used to determine pathways involved. The effect of SARS-Cov-2 spike protein to inflammatory response of lung fibroblasts was also investigated. mRNA expressions of genes and IL6 release were measured using qRT-PCR and ELISA, respFrontiers in immunology921728https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9356221biostudies-literatureHuman Lung Fibroblasts Exhibit Induced Inflammation Memory <i>via</i> Increased <i>IL6</i> Gene Expression and Release.PMC9356221Takeda NOhkubo HUemura TYap JMGFukumitsu KIto YNiimi AFukuda STajiri TUeda TUgawa SMaeno KKanemitsu YOguri TfalseHuman Lung Fibroblasts Exhibit Induced Inflammation Memory <i>via</i> Increased <i>IL6</i> Gene Expression and Release.Fibroblasts of different origins are known to possess stromal memory after inflammatory episodes. However, there are no studies exploring human lung fibroblast memory which may predict a subsequent inflammatory response in chronic respiratory diseases and COVID-19. MRC-5 and HF19 human lung fibroblast cell lines were treated using different primary and secondary stimulus combinations: TNFα-WD-TNFα, Poly (I:C)-WD-TNFα, TNFα-WD-Poly (I:C), or LPS-WD-TNFα with a 24-h rest period (withdrawal period; WD) between the two 24-h stimulations. TLR3 and NF-κB inhibitors were used to determine pathways involved. The effect of SARS-Cov-2 spike protein to inflammatory response of lung fibroblasts was also investigated. mRNA expressions of genes and IL6 release were measured using qRT-PCR and ELISA, resp2022-01-01T00:00:00Z20222025-05-29T20:50:02.158Z2024-11-07T10:58:21.889ZS-EPMC93562213594189010.3389/fimmu.2022.921728