biostudies-literatureInclan-Rico JMNIAID NIH HHSU.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health1181-1193https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9357342biostudies-literatureUnknown21(10)Type 2 cytokine responses promote parasitic immunity and initiate tissue repair; however, they can also result in immunopathologies when not properly restricted. Although basophilia is recognized as a common feature of type 2 inflammation, the roles basophils play in regulating these responses are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that helminth-induced group 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2) responses are exaggerated in the absence of basophils, resulting in increased inflammation and diminished lung function. Additionally, we show that ILC2s from basophil-depleted mice express reduced amounts of the receptor for the neuropeptide neuromedin B (NMB). Critically, NMB stimulation inhibited ILC2 responses from control but not basophil-depleted mice, and basophils were sufficient to directly enhance NMNature immunologyBasophils prime group 2 innate lymphoid cells for neuropeptide-mediated inhibition.PMC9357342RO1 AI131634T32AI125185T32 AI1251853R01AI131634-02W1R01 AI131634R01 AI123224RO1 AI123224Sy CBSiracusa MCPonessa JJBeaulieu AMInclan-Rico JMLemenze ADValero-Pacheco NHernandez CMfalseBasophils prime group 2 innate lymphoid cells for neuropeptide-mediated inhibition.Type 2 cytokine responses promote parasitic immunity and initiate tissue repair; however, they can also result in immunopathologies when not properly restricted. Although basophilia is recognized as a common feature of type 2 inflammation, the roles basophils play in regulating these responses are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that helminth-induced group 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2) responses are exaggerated in the absence of basophils, resulting in increased inflammation and diminished lung function. Additionally, we show that ILC2s from basophil-depleted mice express reduced amounts of the receptor for the neuropeptide neuromedin B (NMB). Critically, NMB stimulation inhibited ILC2 responses from control but not basophil-depleted mice, and basophils were sufficient to directly enhance NM2020-01-01T00:00:00Z2020 Oct2025-04-18T15:25:06.961Z2025-02-19T02:26:47.914ZS-EPMC93573423280794310.1038/s41590-020-0753-y