biostudies-literatureZhu CMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery SciencesKey Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Biotechnology and BreedingNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaStart-up Funds of Scientific Research of Huaiyin Normal UniversityNatural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Provincedsac028https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9358014biostudies-literatureUnknown29(4)Pseudobagrus ussuriensis is an aquaculture catfish with significant sexual dimorphism. In this study, a chromosome-level genome with a size of 741.97 Mb was assembled for female P. ussuriensis. A total of 26 chromosome-level contigs covering 97.34% of the whole-genome assembly were obtained with an N50 of 28.53 Mb and an L50 of 11. A total of 24,075 protein-coding genes were identified, with 91.54% (22,039) genes being functionally annotated. Based on the genome assembly, four chromosome evolution clusters of catfishes were identified and the formation process of P. ussuriensis chromosomes was predicted. A total of 55 sex-related quantitative trait loci (QTLs) with a phenotypic variance explained value of 100% were located on chromosome 8 (chr08). The QTLs and other previously identified sDNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomesInsights into chromosomal evolution and sex determination of Pseudobagrus ussuriensis (Bagridae, Siluriformes) based on a chromosome-level genome.PMC9358014FBB2020-01BK202113673160214631ZCK00Liu HPan ZDing HWu NCheng LWang HZhang LSun YYu XZhu CChang GZhao HfalseInsights into chromosomal evolution and sex determination of Pseudobagrus ussuriensis (Bagridae, Siluriformes) based on a chromosome-level genome.Pseudobagrus ussuriensis is an aquaculture catfish with significant sexual dimorphism. In this study, a chromosome-level genome with a size of 741.97 Mb was assembled for female P. ussuriensis. A total of 26 chromosome-level contigs covering 97.34% of the whole-genome assembly were obtained with an N50 of 28.53 Mb and an L50 of 11. A total of 24,075 protein-coding genes were identified, with 91.54% (22,039) genes being functionally annotated. Based on the genome assembly, four chromosome evolution clusters of catfishes were identified and the formation process of P. ussuriensis chromosomes was predicted. A total of 55 sex-related quantitative trait loci (QTLs) with a phenotypic variance explained value of 100% were located on chromosome 8 (chr08). The QTLs and other previously identified s2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Jun2026-05-29T03:07:03.186Z2025-04-06T15:07:17.013ZS-EPMC93580143586140210.1093/dnares/dsac028