biostudies-literatureManandhar SHeart Foundation of New Zealand Small Project GrantUniversity of Otago Research GrantChristchurch Heart Institute TrustHealth Research Council Programme Grant8639https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9368963biostudies-literatureUnknown23(15)Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and substance P (SP) are known from animal models and in vitro studies as proinflammatory mediators. In this study, peripheral blood concentrations of H₂S and SP were measured in patients with <i>Escherichia coli</i> or <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> bacteraemia. Fifty patients were recruited from general wards at Christchurch Hospital, during 2020-2021. Samples from age- and sex-matched healthy subjects previously recruited as controls for studies of cardiovascular disease were used as controls. The concentrations of H₂S were higher than controls on day 0, day 1, and day 2, and SP was higher than controls on all 4 days. The concentrations of H₂S were highest on day 0, whereas SP concentrations were higher on day 2 than otherInternational journal of molecular sciencesHydrogen Sulfide and Substance P Levels in Patients with <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> Bacteraemia.PMC9368963183811/170Sinha PBhatia MCameron VPilbrow AHarrington MChambers STRichards AMManandhar SScott-Thomas AfalseHydrogen Sulfide and Substance P Levels in Patients with <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> Bacteraemia.Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and substance P (SP) are known from animal models and in vitro studies as proinflammatory mediators. In this study, peripheral blood concentrations of H₂S and SP were measured in patients with <i>Escherichia coli</i> or <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> bacteraemia. Fifty patients were recruited from general wards at Christchurch Hospital, during 2020-2021. Samples from age- and sex-matched healthy subjects previously recruited as controls for studies of cardiovascular disease were used as controls. The concentrations of H₂S were higher than controls on day 0, day 1, and day 2, and SP was higher than controls on all 4 days. The concentrations of H₂S were highest on day 0, whereas SP concentrations were higher on day 2 than other2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Aug2025-04-19T22:56:33.822Z2025-02-19T03:31:52.775ZS-EPMC93689633595576710.3390/ijms23158639