biostudies-literatureUnknown21Wakimizu T<h4>Introduction</h4>Dysfunction of the sinoatrial node (SAN) cells causes arrhythmias, and many patients require artificial cardiac pacemaker implantation. However, the mechanism of impaired SAN automaticity remains unknown, and the generation of human SAN cells in vitro may provide a platform for understanding the pathogenesis of SAN dysfunction. The short stature homeobox 2 (<i>SHOX2</i>) and hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel 4 (<i>HCN4</i>) genes are specifically expressed in SAN cells and are important for SAN development and automaticity. In this study, we aimed to purify and characterize human SAN-like cells in vitro, using <i>HCN4</i> and <i>SHOX2</i> as SAN markers.<h4>Methods</h4>We developed an HCN4-EGFP/SHOX2-mCherry dual reporter cell line deriRegenerative therapy239-249https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9420958biostudies-literature<i>SHOX2</i> refines the identification of human sinoatrial nodal cell population in the in vitro cardiac differentiation.PMC9420958Wakimizu TFukumura KHisatome IMorikawa KKurata YShirayoshi YTsuneto MYuki TMiake JAdachi Tfalse<i>SHOX2</i> refines the identification of human sinoatrial nodal cell population in the in vitro cardiac differentiation.<h4>Introduction</h4>Dysfunction of the sinoatrial node (SAN) cells causes arrhythmias, and many patients require artificial cardiac pacemaker implantation. However, the mechanism of impaired SAN automaticity remains unknown, and the generation of human SAN cells in vitro may provide a platform for understanding the pathogenesis of SAN dysfunction. The short stature homeobox 2 (<i>SHOX2</i>) and hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel 4 (<i>HCN4</i>) genes are specifically expressed in SAN cells and are important for SAN development and automaticity. In this study, we aimed to purify and characterize human SAN-like cells in vitro, using <i>HCN4</i> and <i>SHOX2</i> as SAN markers.<h4>Methods</h4>We developed an HCN4-EGFP/SHOX2-mCherry dual reporter cell line deri2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Dec2025-04-19T18:33:56.046Z2024-11-12T08:48:28.654ZS-EPMC94209583609250510.1016/j.reth.2022.07.012