biostudies-literatureUnknown13Schnell APThe viral transactivator Tax plays a key role in HTLV-1 reactivation and <i>de novo</i> infection. Previous approaches focused on the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) Valproate as a latency-reversing agent to boost Tax expression and expose infected cells to the host's immune response. However, following treatment with Valproate proviral load decreases in patients with HAM/TSP were only transient. Here, we hypothesize that other compounds, including more potent and selective HDACi, might prove superior to Valproate in manipulating Tax expression. Thus, a panel of HDACi (Vorinostat/SAHA/Zolinza, Panobinostat/LBH589/Farydak, Belinostat/PXD101/Beleodaq, Valproate, Entinostat/MS-275, Romidepsin/FK228/Istodax, and MC1568) was selected and tested for toxicity and potency in enhancing Tax exFrontiers in immunology978800https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9424546biostudies-literatureHDAC inhibitors Panobinostat and Romidepsin enhance <i>tax</i> transcription in HTLV-1-infected cell lines and freshly isolated patients' T-cells.PMC9424546Aristodemou ATaylor GPBangham CRMKohrt SSchnell APThoma-Kress AKfalseHDAC inhibitors Panobinostat and Romidepsin enhance <i>tax</i> transcription in HTLV-1-infected cell lines and freshly isolated patients' T-cells.The viral transactivator Tax plays a key role in HTLV-1 reactivation and <i>de novo</i> infection. Previous approaches focused on the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) Valproate as a latency-reversing agent to boost Tax expression and expose infected cells to the host's immune response. However, following treatment with Valproate proviral load decreases in patients with HAM/TSP were only transient. Here, we hypothesize that other compounds, including more potent and selective HDACi, might prove superior to Valproate in manipulating Tax expression. Thus, a panel of HDACi (Vorinostat/SAHA/Zolinza, Panobinostat/LBH589/Farydak, Belinostat/PXD101/Beleodaq, Valproate, Entinostat/MS-275, Romidepsin/FK228/Istodax, and MC1568) was selected and tested for toxicity and potency in enhancing Tax ex2022-01-01T00:00:00Z20222025-04-04T21:51:31.044Z2025-04-04T21:51:31.044ZS-EPMC94245463605207110.3389/fimmu.2022.978800