biostudies-literatureBhatnagar RMedical Research CouncilNational Institute for Health Research (NIHR)Marie Curie199-213https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9487240biostudies-literatureUnknown25(140)The burden of a number of pleural diseases continues to increase internationally. Although many pleural procedures have historically been the domain of interventional radiologists or thoracic surgeons, in recent years, there has been a marked expansion in the techniques available to the pulmonologist. This has been due in part to both technological advancements and a greater recognition that pleural disease is an important subspecialty of respiratory medicine. This article summarises the important literature relating to a number of advanced pleural interventions, including medical thoracoscopy, the insertion and use of indwelling pleural catheters, pleural manometry, point-of-care thoracic ultrasound, and image-guided closed pleural biopsy. We also aim to inform the reader regarding the laEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory SocietyAdvanced medical interventions in pleural disease.PMC9487240CL-2014-25-502G1001128G0600475MCCC-RP-14-A17178Bhatnagar RRahman NMJanssen JFeller-Kopman DMaldonado FAstoul PCorcoran JPfalseAdvanced medical interventions in pleural disease.The burden of a number of pleural diseases continues to increase internationally. Although many pleural procedures have historically been the domain of interventional radiologists or thoracic surgeons, in recent years, there has been a marked expansion in the techniques available to the pulmonologist. This has been due in part to both technological advancements and a greater recognition that pleural disease is an important subspecialty of respiratory medicine. This article summarises the important literature relating to a number of advanced pleural interventions, including medical thoracoscopy, the insertion and use of indwelling pleural catheters, pleural manometry, point-of-care thoracic ultrasound, and image-guided closed pleural biopsy. We also aim to inform the reader regarding the la2016-01-01T00:00:00Z2016 Jun2026-06-06T20:23:36.111Z2026-06-05T03:11:50.809ZS-EPMC94872402724659710.1183/16000617.0020-2016