biostudies-literatureCayuela HSwiss National Science Foundatione2206805119https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9499503biostudies-literatureUnknown119(38)Habitat anthropization is a major driver of global biodiversity decline. Although most species are negatively affected, some benefit from anthropogenic habitat modifications by showing intriguing life-history responses. For instance, increased recruitment through higher allocation to reproduction or improved performance during early-life stages could compensate for reduced adult survival, corresponding to "compensatory recruitment". To date, evidence of compensatory recruitment in response to habitat modification is restricted to plants, limiting understanding of its importance as a response to global change. We used the yellow-bellied toad (<i>Bombina variegata</i>), an amphibian occupying a broad range of natural and anthropogenic habitats, as a model species to test for and to quantify Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of AmericaCompensatory recruitment allows amphibian population persistence in anthropogenic habitats.PMC9499503182265Giachi FBernard LAngelini CHenseler DPichenot JKinet TVeen RCorail MMorizet YThirion JMCayuela HHantzschmann AMDi Cerbo ARDore FBonnaire EMorin LBiancardi CTournier EBiaggini MSpitzen-van der Sluijs ABoussiquault ERomano ALaudelout ARiviere LVanni STrenti MGaillard JMGollmann GSkrzyniarz MMaletzky ALena JPDudgeon DBunz YSinsch UPedrini PBarrioz MLeclerc TLaurenceau FGollmann BCanessa SLemaitre JFCruickshank SSGailledrat MBesnard AVignoli LTiberi ADelsinne TEndrizzi SSchmidt BRAumaitre DHertach TLanglois DBuschmann HRosa GCarafa MFonters RVenchi AMonod-Broca BGippet JMWMoquet JEnderlin NKrijnen PfalseCompensatory recruitment allows amphibian population persistence in anthropogenic habitats.Habitat anthropization is a major driver of global biodiversity decline. Although most species are negatively affected, some benefit from anthropogenic habitat modifications by showing intriguing life-history responses. For instance, increased recruitment through higher allocation to reproduction or improved performance during early-life stages could compensate for reduced adult survival, corresponding to "compensatory recruitment". To date, evidence of compensatory recruitment in response to habitat modification is restricted to plants, limiting understanding of its importance as a response to global change. We used the yellow-bellied toad (<i>Bombina variegata</i>), an amphibian occupying a broad range of natural and anthropogenic habitats, as a model species to test for and to quantify 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Sep2025-04-19T12:37:31.604Z2025-04-19T12:37:31.604ZS-EPMC94995033609517710.1073/pnas.2206805119