{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"submitter":["Manan A"],"funding":["Ministry of Science and ICT, Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy, and Ministry of Health and Welfare","National Research Foundation of Korea"],"pagination":["10716"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9502216"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["23(18)"],"pubmed_abstract":["The innate immune system facilitates defense mechanisms against pathogen invasion and cell damage. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) assist in the activation of the innate immune system by binding to pathogenic ligands. This leads to the generation of intracellular signaling cascades including the biosynthesis of molecular mediators. TLRs on cell membranes are adept at recognizing viral components. Viruses can modulate the innate immune response with the help of proteins and RNAs that downregulate or upregulate the expression of various TLRs. In the case of COVID-19, molecular modulators such as type 1 interferons interfere with signaling pathways in the host cells, leading to an inflammatory response. Coronaviruses are responsible for an enhanced immune signature of inflammatory chemokines and cytokines. TLRs have been employed as therapeutic agents in viral infections as numerous antiviral Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs are TLR agonists. This review highlights the therapeutic approaches associated with SARS-CoV-2 and the TLRs involved in COVID-19 infection."],"journal":["International journal of molecular sciences"],"pubmed_title":["Toll-like Receptor Mediation in SARS-CoV-2: A Therapeutic Approach."],"pmcid":["PMC9502216"],"funding_grant_id":["HN21C1058","NRF-2022M3A9G1014520, 2019M3D1A1078940, and 2019R1A6A1A11051471"],"pubmed_authors":["Choi S","Haseeb M","Manan A","Pirzada RH"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Toll-like Receptor Mediation in SARS-CoV-2: A Therapeutic Approach.","description":"The innate immune system facilitates defense mechanisms against pathogen invasion and cell damage. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) assist in the activation of the innate immune system by binding to pathogenic ligands. This leads to the generation of intracellular signaling cascades including the biosynthesis of molecular mediators. TLRs on cell membranes are adept at recognizing viral components. Viruses can modulate the innate immune response with the help of proteins and RNAs that downregulate or upregulate the expression of various TLRs. In the case of COVID-19, molecular modulators such as type 1 interferons interfere with signaling pathways in the host cells, leading to an inflammatory response. Coronaviruses are responsible for an enhanced immune signature of inflammatory chemokines and cytokines. TLRs have been employed as therapeutic agents in viral infections as numerous antiviral Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs are TLR agonists. This review highlights the therapeutic approaches associated with SARS-CoV-2 and the TLRs involved in COVID-19 infection.","dates":{"release":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2022 Sep","modification":"2025-05-31T23:13:53.496Z","creation":"2024-11-12T02:35:28.974Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC9502216","cross_references":{"pubmed":["36142620"],"doi":["10.3390/ijms231810716"]}}