biostudies-literatureMiura SKHoward Hughes Medical InstituteNINDS NIH HHS135-142https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9534749biostudies-literatureUnknown610(7930)Distinguishing sensory stimuli caused by changes in the environment from those caused by an animal's own actions is a hallmark of sensory processing¹. Saccades are rapid eye movements that shift the image on the retina. How visual systems differentiate motion of the image induced by saccades from actual motion in the environment is not fully understood². Here we discovered that in mouse primary visual cortex (V1) the two types of motion evoke distinct activity patterns. This is because, during saccades, V1 combines the visual input with a strong non-visual input arriving from the thalamic pulvinar nucleus. The non-visual input triggers responses that are specific to the direction of the saccade and the visual input triggers responses that are specific to the directionNatureDistinguishing externally from saccade-induced motion in visual cortex.PMC9534749U19 NS107613Miura SKScanziani MfalseDistinguishing externally from saccade-induced motion in visual cortex.Distinguishing sensory stimuli caused by changes in the environment from those caused by an animal's own actions is a hallmark of sensory processing¹. Saccades are rapid eye movements that shift the image on the retina. How visual systems differentiate motion of the image induced by saccades from actual motion in the environment is not fully understood². Here we discovered that in mouse primary visual cortex (V1) the two types of motion evoke distinct activity patterns. This is because, during saccades, V1 combines the visual input with a strong non-visual input arriving from the thalamic pulvinar nucleus. The non-visual input triggers responses that are specific to the direction of the saccade and the visual input triggers responses that are specific to the direction2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Oct2025-04-18T22:40:13.184Z2025-04-07T10:25:42.171ZS-EPMC95347493610456010.1038/s41586-022-05196-w