biostudies-literatureUnknown16Kim ENational Research Foundation of KoreaBilateral brain stimulation is an important modality used to investigate brain circuits and treat neurological conditions. Recently, low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) received significant attention as a novel non-invasive neurostimulation technique with high spatial specificity. Despite the growing interest, the typical ultrasound brain stimulation study, especially for small animals, is limited to a single target of sonication. The constraint is associated with the complexity and the cost of the hardware system required to achieve multi-regional sonication. This work presented the development of a low-cost LIPUS system with a pair of single-element ultrasound transducers to address the above problem. The system was built with a multicore processor with an RF amplifier circuit. In adFrontiers in neuroscience1011699https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9539445biostudies-literatureDevelopment of a wireless ultrasonic brain stimulation system for concurrent bilateral neuromodulation in freely moving rodents.PMC9539445Kim HKim ELee SHKum JfalseDevelopment of a wireless ultrasonic brain stimulation system for concurrent bilateral neuromodulation in freely moving rodents.Bilateral brain stimulation is an important modality used to investigate brain circuits and treat neurological conditions. Recently, low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) received significant attention as a novel non-invasive neurostimulation technique with high spatial specificity. Despite the growing interest, the typical ultrasound brain stimulation study, especially for small animals, is limited to a single target of sonication. The constraint is associated with the complexity and the cost of the hardware system required to achieve multi-regional sonication. This work presented the development of a low-cost LIPUS system with a pair of single-element ultrasound transducers to address the above problem. The system was built with a multicore processor with an RF amplifier circuit. In ad2022-01-01T00:00:00Z20222026-04-12T15:39:21.777Z2025-04-25T17:34:47.526ZS-EPMC95394453621373110.3389/fnins.2022.1011699