biostudies-literatureZhang RNIMH NIH HHSBrain and Behavior Research FoundationNational Institute of Mental HealthSwedish Research CouncilLundbeck FoundationNational Institute of Child Health and Human Development442-458https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9544642biostudies-literatureUnknown30(5)Among individuals with eating disorders (ED), those with co-occurring autism are often considered to have more severe presentations and poorer prognosis. However, previous findings have been contradictory and limited by small sample size and/or cross-sectional assessment of autistic traits. We examine the hypothesis that autism diagnosis and autism polygenic score (PGS) are associated with increased ED severity in a large ED cohort using a broad range of ED severity indicators. Our cohort included 3189 individuals (64 males) born 1977-2000 with current or previous anorexia nervosa who participated in the Anorexia Nervosa Genetics Initiative-Sweden (ANGI-SE) and for whom genotypes and linkage to national registers were available. We identified 134 (4.2%) individuals with registered autism dEuropean eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders AssociationAssociation of autism diagnosis and polygenic scores with eating disorder severity.PMC9544642R276‐2018‐4581R01HD095910, R01HD098732, R21HD105906-01A1538‐2013‐8864R276-2018-4581R01HD095910, R01HD098732, R21HD105906‐01A1R01MH120170, R01MH119084, R01MH118278, R01 MH124871538-2013-8864Thornton LMBulik CMBirgegard ALanden MZhang RDinkler LFundin BfalseAssociation of autism diagnosis and polygenic scores with eating disorder severity.Among individuals with eating disorders (ED), those with co-occurring autism are often considered to have more severe presentations and poorer prognosis. However, previous findings have been contradictory and limited by small sample size and/or cross-sectional assessment of autistic traits. We examine the hypothesis that autism diagnosis and autism polygenic score (PGS) are associated with increased ED severity in a large ED cohort using a broad range of ED severity indicators. Our cohort included 3189 individuals (64 males) born 1977-2000 with current or previous anorexia nervosa who participated in the Anorexia Nervosa Genetics Initiative-Sweden (ANGI-SE) and for whom genotypes and linkage to national registers were available. We identified 134 (4.2%) individuals with registered autism d2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Sep2025-04-19T04:50:27.324Z2025-04-19T04:50:27.324ZS-EPMC95446423585552410.1002/erv.2941