{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["128(19)"],"submitter":["Patel AV"],"funding":["American Cancer Society"],"pubmed_abstract":["<h4>Background</h4>This study identifies populations who may benefit most from expanded cancer screening.<h4>Methods</h4>Two American Cancer Society prospective cohort studies, Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort and Cancer Prevention Study-3, were used to identify the risk factors associated with a > 2% absolute risk of any cancer within 5 years. In total, 429,991 participants with no prior personal history of cancer were followed for cancer for up to 5 years. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for association. By using these hazard ratios, individualized coherent absolute risk estimation was used to calculate absolute risks by age.<h4>Results</h4>Overall, 15,226 invasive cancers were diagnosed among participants within 5 years of enrollment. The multivariable-adjusted relative risk of any cancer was strongest for current smokers compared with never-smokers. In men, alcohol intake, family history of cancer, red meat consumption, and physical inactivity were also associated with risk (p < .05). In women, body mass index, type 2 diabetes, hysterectomy, parity, family history of cancer, hypertension, tubal ligation, and physical inactivity were associated (p < .05). The absolute 5-year risk exceeded 2% among nearly all participants older than 50 years and among some participants younger than 50 years, including current or former smokers (<30 years since quitting) and long-term nonsmokers with a body mass index >25 kg/m<sup>2</sup> or a first-degree family history of cancer. The absolute 5-year risk was as high as 29% in men and 25% in women.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Older age and smoking were the two most important risk factors associated with the relative and absolute 5-year risk of developing any cancer."],"journal":["Cancer"],"pagination":["3502-3515"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9544865"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"pubmed_title":["Key risk factors for the relative and absolute 5-year risk of cancer to enhance cancer screening and prevention."],"pmcid":["PMC9544865"],"pubmed_authors":["Colditz GA","Clarke CA","Patel AV","Deubler E","Lichtman CJ","Teras LR","Cance WG"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Key risk factors for the relative and absolute 5-year risk of cancer to enhance cancer screening and prevention.","description":"<h4>Background</h4>This study identifies populations who may benefit most from expanded cancer screening.<h4>Methods</h4>Two American Cancer Society prospective cohort studies, Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort and Cancer Prevention Study-3, were used to identify the risk factors associated with a > 2% absolute risk of any cancer within 5 years. In total, 429,991 participants with no prior personal history of cancer were followed for cancer for up to 5 years. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for association. By using these hazard ratios, individualized coherent absolute risk estimation was used to calculate absolute risks by age.<h4>Results</h4>Overall, 15,226 invasive cancers were diagnosed among participants within 5 years of enrollment. The multivariable-adjusted relative risk of any cancer was strongest for current smokers compared with never-smokers. In men, alcohol intake, family history of cancer, red meat consumption, and physical inactivity were also associated with risk (p < .05). In women, body mass index, type 2 diabetes, hysterectomy, parity, family history of cancer, hypertension, tubal ligation, and physical inactivity were associated (p < .05). The absolute 5-year risk exceeded 2% among nearly all participants older than 50 years and among some participants younger than 50 years, including current or former smokers (<30 years since quitting) and long-term nonsmokers with a body mass index >25 kg/m<sup>2</sup> or a first-degree family history of cancer. The absolute 5-year risk was as high as 29% in men and 25% in women.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Older age and smoking were the two most important risk factors associated with the relative and absolute 5-year risk of developing any cancer.","dates":{"release":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2022 Oct","modification":"2025-04-19T04:46:31.086Z","creation":"2025-04-19T04:46:31.086Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC9544865","cross_references":{"pubmed":["35920750"],"doi":["10.1002/cncr.34396"]}}