biostudies-literatureUnknown13Ni QNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaSlow lorises are small arboreal and nocturnal primates. Due to the illegal trade, a large number of slow lorises were confiscated into wildlife sanctuaries or rescue centers. The re-release has been considered a preferable approach for alleviating the captive pressure, but inappropriate and long-term confinement make it difficult to achieve this goal. In this study, we investigated and compared the fecal and oral microbiome of Bengal slow lorises (<i>Nycticebus bengalensis</i>) under long-term captivity (LC) and short-term captivity (SC) groups based on 16s rRNA high-throughput gene sequencing. The oral microbiome displayed higher Chao1 richness but lower Shannon and Simpson indices than the fecal microbiome. The Bengal slow lorises under long-term captivity had abundant pathogenic genera Frontiers in microbiology941261https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9553000biostudies-literatureOral and fecal microbiome of confiscated Bengal slow lorises in response to confinement duration.PMC9553000Fan XLi DYang MKong FXie MNi QXing BZhang MXu HYang DDong SZeng BYao YfalseOral and fecal microbiome of confiscated Bengal slow lorises in response to confinement duration.Slow lorises are small arboreal and nocturnal primates. Due to the illegal trade, a large number of slow lorises were confiscated into wildlife sanctuaries or rescue centers. The re-release has been considered a preferable approach for alleviating the captive pressure, but inappropriate and long-term confinement make it difficult to achieve this goal. In this study, we investigated and compared the fecal and oral microbiome of Bengal slow lorises (<i>Nycticebus bengalensis</i>) under long-term captivity (LC) and short-term captivity (SC) groups based on 16s rRNA high-throughput gene sequencing. The oral microbiome displayed higher Chao1 richness but lower Shannon and Simpson indices than the fecal microbiome. The Bengal slow lorises under long-term captivity had abundant pathogenic genera 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z20222025-04-04T09:30:29.938Z2025-02-19T01:01:54.572ZS-EPMC95530003623858810.3389/fmicb.2022.941261