biostudies-literatureGazinska PCancer Research UKBreast Cancer NowNational Institute for Health Research (NIHR)4494-4508https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9561554biostudies-literatureUnknown28(20)<h4>Purpose</h4>To identify potential immune targets in post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC)-resistant triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and ER+HER2- breast cancer disease.<h4>Experimental design</h4>Following pathology review, 153 patients were identified as having residual cancer burden (RCB) II/III disease (TNBC n = 80; ER+HER2-n = 73). Baseline pre-NAC samples were available for evaluation for 32 of 80 TNBC and 36 of 73 ER+HER2- cases. Bright-field hematoxylin and eosin assessment allowed for tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) evaluation in all cases. Multiplexed immunofluorescence was used to identify the abundance and distribution of immune cell subsets. Levels of checkpoints including PD-1/PD-L1 expression were also quantified. Findings were then validated using expression profilClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer ResearchDynamic Changes in the NK-, Neutrophil-, and B-cell Immunophenotypes Relevant in High Metastatic Risk Post Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy-Resistant Early Breast Cancers.PMC956155424869C56773 / A24869DRCRPGTD-Nov21\100001CL-2015-22-002Melcher ANaidoo KBuus RWesseling JRoxanis IWard JLips EKhan AMilton CAlaguthurai TGillett CIacovacci JGazinska PMarafioti TDowsett MIrshad SGraham RAkarca ASalgado RHaider STutt ACheang MWu YfalseDynamic Changes in the NK-, Neutrophil-, and B-cell Immunophenotypes Relevant in High Metastatic Risk Post Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy-Resistant Early Breast Cancers.<h4>Purpose</h4>To identify potential immune targets in post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC)-resistant triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and ER+HER2- breast cancer disease.<h4>Experimental design</h4>Following pathology review, 153 patients were identified as having residual cancer burden (RCB) II/III disease (TNBC n = 80; ER+HER2-n = 73). Baseline pre-NAC samples were available for evaluation for 32 of 80 TNBC and 36 of 73 ER+HER2- cases. Bright-field hematoxylin and eosin assessment allowed for tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) evaluation in all cases. Multiplexed immunofluorescence was used to identify the abundance and distribution of immune cell subsets. Levels of checkpoints including PD-1/PD-L1 expression were also quantified. Findings were then validated using expression profil2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Oct2026-05-28T03:45:45.788Z2025-04-06T00:51:07.62ZS-EPMC95615543616131210.1158/1078-0432.CCR-22-0543