biostudies-literatureMausoleo AVilla MMSDAVENIRAgence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida et les Hépatites Virales3104https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9561982biostudies-literatureUnknown11(19)During chronic SIV/HIV infection, adipose tissue (AT) is the target of both antiretroviral treatment (ART) and the virus. AT might subsequently contribute to the low-grade systemic inflammation observed in patients on ART. To evaluate the inflammatory profile of AT during chronic SIV/HIV infection, we assayed subcutaneous and visceral abdominal AT from non-infected (SIV-, control), ART-naïve SIV-infected (SIV+) and ART-controlled SIV-infected (SIV+ART+) cynomolgus macaques for the mRNA expression of genes coding for factors related to inflammation. Significant differences were observed only when comparing the SIV+ART+ group with the SIV+ and/or SIV- groups. ART-treated infection impacted the metabolic fraction (with elevated expression of PPARγ and CEBPα), the extracellular matrix (with elCellsProlonged Antiretroviral Treatment Induces Adipose Tissue Remodelling Associated with Mild Inflammation in SIV-Infected Macaques.PMC9561982Fonds de Dotationgrant to the RHIVIERA consortiumECTZ103291Olivo ADesjardins DBereziat VAvettand-Fenoel VNoel NLe Grand RBourgeois CSaez-Cirion ABarrail-Tran ALagathu CMausoleo ALambotte OfalseProlonged Antiretroviral Treatment Induces Adipose Tissue Remodelling Associated with Mild Inflammation in SIV-Infected Macaques.During chronic SIV/HIV infection, adipose tissue (AT) is the target of both antiretroviral treatment (ART) and the virus. AT might subsequently contribute to the low-grade systemic inflammation observed in patients on ART. To evaluate the inflammatory profile of AT during chronic SIV/HIV infection, we assayed subcutaneous and visceral abdominal AT from non-infected (SIV-, control), ART-naïve SIV-infected (SIV+) and ART-controlled SIV-infected (SIV+ART+) cynomolgus macaques for the mRNA expression of genes coding for factors related to inflammation. Significant differences were observed only when comparing the SIV+ART+ group with the SIV+ and/or SIV- groups. ART-treated infection impacted the metabolic fraction (with elevated expression of PPARγ and CEBPα), the extracellular matrix (with el2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Oct2025-04-03T22:33:11.576Z2024-10-16T02:41:27.608ZS-EPMC95619823623106610.3390/cells11193104