biostudies-literatureEichinger ADeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft2567-2576https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9613465biostudies-literatureUnknown36(11)Total body irradiation (TBI)-based conditioning is associated with superior leukemia-free survival in children with ALL undergoing HSCT. However, the risk for subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMN) remains a significant concern. We analyzed 705 pediatric patients enrolled in the prospective ALL-SCT-BFM-2003 trial and its subsequent registry. Patients >2 years received conditioning with TBI 12 Gy/etoposide (n = 558) and children ≤2 years of age or with contraindications for TBI received busulfan/cyclophosphamide/etoposide (n = 110). The 5- and 10-year cumulative incidence of SMN was 0.02 ± 0.01 and 0.13 ± 0.03, respectively. In total, 39 SMN (34 solid tumors, 5 MDS/AML) were diagnosed in 33 patients at a median of 5.8 years (1.7-13.4), exclusively in the TBI group. Of 33 affected patients,LeukemiaIncidence of subsequent malignancies after total body irradiation-based allogeneic HSCT in children with ALL - long-term follow-up from the prospective ALL-SCT 2003 trial.PMC9613465EI 1185/1-1Peters CDeubzer HELang PSchlegel PGSchulz ABader PPoetschger UEichinger AWawer ABasu OKafa KKuhl JSLange BSGungor TCorbacioglu SGlogova EGreil JBeier RSauer MGStrahm BClaviez AGruhn BClassen CFMeisel RStachel DAlbert MHBurkhardt BMuller IfalseIncidence of subsequent malignancies after total body irradiation-based allogeneic HSCT in children with ALL - long-term follow-up from the prospective ALL-SCT 2003 trial.Total body irradiation (TBI)-based conditioning is associated with superior leukemia-free survival in children with ALL undergoing HSCT. However, the risk for subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMN) remains a significant concern. We analyzed 705 pediatric patients enrolled in the prospective ALL-SCT-BFM-2003 trial and its subsequent registry. Patients >2 years received conditioning with TBI 12 Gy/etoposide (n = 558) and children ≤2 years of age or with contraindications for TBI received busulfan/cyclophosphamide/etoposide (n = 110). The 5- and 10-year cumulative incidence of SMN was 0.02 ± 0.01 and 0.13 ± 0.03, respectively. In total, 39 SMN (34 solid tumors, 5 MDS/AML) were diagnosed in 33 patients at a median of 5.8 years (1.7-13.4), exclusively in the TBI group. Of 33 affected patients,2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Nov2026-07-14T15:52:05.809Z2024-11-09T20:29:30.381ZS-EPMC96134653609728310.1038/s41375-022-01693-z