biostudies-literatureUnknown15Liu R<h4>Objective</h4>Altered expression patterns of Na⁺-K⁺-2Cl^- (NKCC1) and K⁺-Cl^- (KCC2) co-transporters have been implicated in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Here, we assessed the effects of imbalanced NKCC1 and KCC2 on γ-aminobutyric acidergic (GABAergic) neurotransmission in certain brain regions involved in human focal cortical dysplasia (FCD).<h4>Materials and methods</h4>We sought to map a micro-macro neuronal network to better understand the epileptogenesis mechanism. In patients with FCD, we resected cortical tissue from the seizure the onset zone (SOZ) and the non-seizure onset zone (non-SOZ) inside the epileptogenic zone (EZ). Additionally, we resected non-epileptic neocortical tissue from the patients with mesial temporal lobeFrontiers in molecular neuroscience954167https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9621392biostudies-literatureImbalance between the function of Na⁺-K⁺-2Cl and K⁺-Cl impairs Cl^- homeostasis in human focal cortical dysplasia.PMC9621392Lai HZhang GLi DXing YZeng LZhang HLoh HHXu CLiu RWang JYan XYang XCheng LPiao YYu TfalseImbalance between the function of Na⁺-K⁺-2Cl and K⁺-Cl impairs Cl^- homeostasis in human focal cortical dysplasia.<h4>Objective</h4>Altered expression patterns of Na⁺-K⁺-2Cl^- (NKCC1) and K⁺-Cl^- (KCC2) co-transporters have been implicated in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Here, we assessed the effects of imbalanced NKCC1 and KCC2 on γ-aminobutyric acidergic (GABAergic) neurotransmission in certain brain regions involved in human focal cortical dysplasia (FCD).<h4>Materials and methods</h4>We sought to map a micro-macro neuronal network to better understand the epileptogenesis mechanism. In patients with FCD, we resected cortical tissue from the seizure the onset zone (SOZ) and the non-seizure onset zone (non-SOZ) inside the epileptogenic zone (EZ). Additionally, we resected non-epileptic neocortical tissue from the patients with mesial temporal lobe2022-01-01T00:00:00Z20222025-04-05T13:27:55.738Z2025-04-05T13:27:55.738ZS-EPMC96213923632452410.3389/fnmol.2022.954167